A nurse is collecting data from a client following the administration of a new medication. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of an allergic reaction?

Jaundice

Urticaria

Bradycardia

Hypertension

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Jaundice. Jaundice, or yellowing of the skin and eyes, is a sign of liver dysfunction and may indicate hepatotoxicity rather than an allergic reaction. Some medications can cause drug-induced liver injury (DILI), but jaundice is not a typical symptom of an immediate hypersensitivity reaction.

B. Urticaria. Urticaria (hives) is a classic allergic reaction that appears as raised, red, itchy welts on the skin. It occurs due to the release of histamine in response to an allergen, which increases capillary permeability and leads to swelling and itching. Urticaria may be accompanied by angioedema, respiratory distress, or anaphylaxis, requiring immediate intervention if severe.

C. Bradycardia. Bradycardia (slow heart rate) is not a typical manifestation of an allergic reaction. While anaphylaxis can cause hypotension and tachycardia due to systemic vasodilation, bradycardia is more commonly associated with beta-blockers, heart block, or vagal stimulation rather than an allergic response.

D. Hypertension. Allergic reactions, especially severe ones like anaphylaxis, typically cause vasodilation and hypotension, not hypertension. While stress or anxiety related to an allergic episode may lead to a temporary rise in blood pressure, persistent hypertension is not a direct sign of an allergic reaction.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "Limit potassium-containing foods in your diet." Long-term prednisone use can lead to hypokalemia (low potassium levels) due to its mineralocorticoid effects, which increase potassium excretion. Clients on chronic corticosteroid therapy may actually need to consume potassium-rich foods to help maintain electrolyte balance, rather than restricting them.

B. "Withhold prednisone for 48 hours prior to receiving contrast dye." There is no general recommendation to withhold prednisone before contrast dye administration. However, clients on long-term steroid therapy may require stress-dose steroids if undergoing procedures that could trigger an adrenal crisis. Withholding prednisone without provider guidance could increase the risk of adrenal insufficiency.

C. "Measure your blood glucose levels periodically." Prednisone can cause hyperglycemia by increasing insulin resistance and promoting gluconeogenesis. Clients, especially those with diabetes or at risk for metabolic syndrome, should monitor blood glucose levels regularly to detect potential steroid-induced diabetes. Adjustments in diet or medication may be needed based on blood glucose trends.

D. "Take prednisone on an empty stomach." Taking prednisone on an empty stomach can increase the risk of gastrointestinal irritation, ulcers, and gastritis. It should be taken with food or milk to help reduce stomach irritation and minimize gastrointestinal side effects. Clients should be advised to follow this guideline to prevent discomfort and potential complications.

A. Levothyroxine B. Cetirizine C. Lithium carbonate D. Albuterol

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Levothyroxine. Levothyroxine is used to treat hypothyroidism and does not have a significant interaction with furosemide. However, both medications require careful monitoring, as hypothyroidism can affect fluid balance, but they are not contraindicated together.

B. Cetirizine. Cetirizine is an antihistamine used to treat allergies and does not interfere with furosemide’s effects. While some antihistamines can cause mild fluid retention, this does not significantly impact furosemide therapy, making them safe to use together.

C. Lithium carbonate. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that increases sodium excretion. Since lithium is excreted through the kidneys in a sodium-dependent manner, a loss of sodium due to diuretic use can lead to reduced lithium excretion and toxic accumulation. Clients taking lithium should avoid diuretics unless absolutely necessary, and their lithium levels must be carefully monitored if diuretics are required.

D. Albuterol. Albuterol is a bronchodilator used for conditions like asthma and COPD. While both furosemide and albuterol can cause hypokalemia, this does not make them absolutely contraindicated. Instead, potassium levels should be regularly monitored, and supplementation may be needed if hypokalemia develops.

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A nurse is collecting data from a client following the administration of a new medication. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of an allergic reaction?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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