A nurse is checking a client's ventilator settings. The nurse should understand that positive end- expiratory pressure has which of the following purposes?

To deliver a set tidal volume

To provide positive airway pressure during inspiration

To control the rate of ventilations

To prevent alveolar collapse

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is a mode of mechanical ventilation that maintains a positive pressure in the airways at the end of expiration, preventing alveolar collapse and improving oxygenation. PEEP does not affect tidal volume, inspiratory pressure, or ventilation rate, which are determined by other ventilator settings.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

This is because older adults are at increased risk of hypothermia, which is a potentially life-threatening condition that occurs when the body temperature drops below 35° C (95° F).

Hypothermia can cause confusion, drowsiness, slurred speech, slow heartbeat, shallow breathing, and loss of consciousness. Some factors that increase the risk of hypothermia in older adults are low indoor temperature, inadequate clothing, poor nutrition, chronic illness, medication use, and social isolation.

The nurse should contact the local Department of Health and Human Services for the client to help them access resources and programs that can assist them with paying their heating bills or finding alternative housing options. The nurse should also educate the client on how to prevent hypothermia by wearing warm clothing, eating well-balanced meals, drinking warm fluids, avoiding alcohol and caffeine, and staying active.

A. Administer an IV potassium drip. B. Listen to the client's bowel sounds. C. Check the client's hand grasps. D. Initiate cardiac monitoring for the client.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The client has hypokalemia, which is a low level of potassium in the blood. Hypokalemia can cause cardiac arrhythmias, which can be life-threatening. The nurse should initiate cardiac monitoring first to assess the client's heart rhythm and rate, and intervene if any abnormalities are detected. Administering an IV potassium drip is an appropriate intervention for hypokalemia, but it is not the first priority. Listening to the client's bowel sounds and checking the client's hand grasps are also relevant assessments for hypokalemia, as it can cause decreased bowel motility and muscle weakness, but they are not as urgent as cardiac monitoring.

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A nurse is checking a client's ventilator settings. The nurse should understand that positive end- expiratory pressure has which of the following purposes?

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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