A nurse is caring for an older adult client who reports their caregiver has been writing checks in their name without their consent. Which of the following types of abuse is the client experiencing?

A. Clients who have somatic symptom disorder exhibit more than one personality. Somatic symptom disorder is characterized by the presence of physical symptoms that cause significant distress or impairment, but it does not involve multiple personalities. This concept is more relevant to dissociative identity disorder.
B. Somatic symptom disorder impacts more women than men. Research indicates that somatic symptom disorder is more prevalent in women, making this information accurate. Women are more likely to report physical symptoms and seek medical help for them.
C. Somatic symptom disorder impacts the majority of clients who have depression. While there is a notable overlap between somatic symptom disorder and depression, it is not accurate to say that most clients with depression have somatic symptom disorder. The relationship is complex and varies among individuals.
D. Clients who have this disorder are intentionally faking their symptoms. Individuals with somatic symptom disorder genuinely experience distress related to their symptoms. Unlike factitious disorder, where symptoms are intentionally produced, clients with somatic symptom disorder do not intentionally fake their symptoms.

A. Extrapyramidal symptoms. Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) include acute dystonia, akathisia, and parkinsonism, which are movement-related side effects caused by dopamine blockade. While EPS can involve muscle rigidity and tremors, tardive dyskinesia specifically refers to chronic, involuntary, repetitive movements such as facial twitching and tongue protrusion.
B. Impaired ability to regulate body temperature. Some antipsychotics can interfere with thermoregulation, leading to heat intolerance or hypothermia. However, this is not related to jerking or twitching movements seen in tardive dyskinesia.
C. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a life-threatening reaction to antipsychotics characterized by fever, muscle rigidity, autonomic instability, and altered mental status. Unlike tardive dyskinesia, NMS does not cause chronic, involuntary facial movements but rather widespread muscle stiffness and severe autonomic dysfunction.
D. Tardive dyskinesia. Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a late-onset, irreversible movement disorder caused by long-term use of first-generation antipsychotics. It is characterized by involuntary, repetitive movements, especially in the face, tongue, and extremities (e.g., lip smacking, tongue rolling, grimacing, jerking movements). These symptoms distinguish TD from acute extrapyramidal symptoms.