A nurse is caring for a young female adult client who reports weakness, fatigue, and heavy menstrual periods. The client has a hemoglobin level of 8 g/dL and a hematocrit level of 28 g/dL. The nurse suspects which of the following types of anemia?

Folic acid deficiency anemia

Pernicious anemia

Iron-deficiency anemia

Sickle cell anemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Folic acid deficiency anemia:

Folic acid deficiency anemia is characterized by a lack of folate (vitamin B9), which is essential for red blood cell production. Symptoms can include weakness and fatigue, similar to iron-deficiency anemia. However, folic acid deficiency anemia typically does not cause heavy menstrual periods. Laboratory findings may show a low level of folate in the blood, but the hemoglobin level of 8 g/dL and hematocrit level of 28 g/dL alone do not specifically indicate folic acid deficiency anemia without considering other factors like mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and red blood cell indices.

B. Pernicious anemia:

Pernicious anemia is caused by a lack of intrinsic factor, a substance needed for the absorption of vitamin B12. It can lead to symptoms such as weakness and fatigue. However, heavy menstrual periods are not a characteristic feature of pernicious anemia. Laboratory findings may show a low hemoglobin and hematocrit level, but again, other factors such as MCV and vitamin B12 levels would be needed to confirm this type of anemia.

C. Iron-deficiency anemia:

Iron-deficiency anemia occurs due to insufficient iron stores in the body, leading to decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. This type of anemia is commonly associated with symptoms like weakness, fatigue, and heavy menstrual periods in women due to blood loss. The client's hemoglobin level of 8 g/dL and hematocrit level of 28 g/dL are consistent with iron-deficiency anemia, making this the most likely choice based on the information provided.

D. Sickle cell anemia:

Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disorder characterized by abnormal hemoglobin that causes red blood cells to become sickle-shaped and less flexible. It typically presents with symptoms such as anemia, pain crises, and organ damage. However, the client's symptoms of weakness, fatigue, and heavy menstrual periods are not specific to sickle cell anemia. Additionally, sickle cell anemia would have different laboratory findings, including a different pattern on peripheral blood smear and hemoglobin electrophoresis.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "If I take my blood pressure and it is normal, I don't have to take my blood pressure pills": This statement reflects a misunderstanding of hypertension management. Blood pressure medications are typically prescribed to help control blood pressure over the long term, regardless of individual blood pressure readings. Stopping medication without consulting a healthcare provider can be dangerous and is not recommended.

B. "When getting up from bed, I will sit for a short period before standing up": This statement demonstrates an understanding of orthostatic hypotension prevention, which is important for clients with hypertension and can be a side effect of certain medications.

C. "I will consult a dietician to help get my weight under control": This statement indicates the client's awareness of the importance of weight management in hypertension control and is a positive step toward healthy lifestyle changes.

D. "I think I'm going to sign up for a yoga class twice a week to help reduce my stress": This statement shows the client's proactive approach to stress reduction, which is beneficial for hypertension management as stress can contribute to elevated blood pressure.

A. initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation. B. Administer sublingual nitroglycerin to allow the client to finish the test. C. Stop the test and monitor the client closely. D. Administer analgesia and slow the test.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR): CPR is not indicated in this scenario unless the client experiences a cardiac arrest. Chest pain during an exercise stress test does not automatically warrant CPR.

B. Administer sublingual nitroglycerin to allow the client to finish the test: Nitroglycerin is typically used to relieve angina (chest pain) associated with myocardial ischemia. However, in this case, the exercise stress test should be stopped to evaluate the cause of the chest pain before administering nitroglycerin.

C. Stop the test and monitor the client closely: This is the correct action. Chest pain during an exercise stress test may indicate myocardial ischemia (lack of blood flow to the heart muscle), and stopping the test allows for further assessment and evaluation of the client's condition.

D. Administer analgesia and slow the test: Administering analgesia (pain medication) is not appropriate without first determining the cause of the chest pain. Slowing the test may not address the underlying issue and could potentially worsen the client's condition if they are experiencing cardiac-related chest pain.

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A nurse is caring for a young female adult client who reports weakness, fatigue, and heavy menstrual periods. The client has a hemoglobin level of 8 g/dL and a hematocrit level of 28 g/dL. The nurse suspects which of the following types of anemia?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with hypertension. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client who is undergoing an exercise stress test. Prior to reaching the target heart rate, the client develops chest pain. What is the nurse most appropriate response

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer metoprolol 5 mg IV bolus to a client for heart rate control. Available is metoprolol injection 1 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administerperdose?

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When providing discharge instructions for a client who has been prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin for stable angina, the nurse should plan to include which instructions?

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The nurse is attempting to determine the ventricular rate and rhythm of a patient's telemetry strip. What should the nurse examine to determine this part of the analysis?

The nurse has given education for a client who is going to have an exercise stress test. The nurse knows the client understands the teaching when they say what?

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