A nurse is caring for a patient scheduled for a maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein test at 15 weeks of gestation.
Which explanations about this test should the nurse provide to the patient?

Choice A rationale

Gradual lordosis, or the inward curvature of the spine, is a common physiological change during pregnancy. As the baby grows and the woman’s center of gravity shifts, the spine adjusts to maintain balance.

Choice B rationale

Decreased mobility of pelvic joints is not a typical physiological change during pregnancy. In fact, the body releases the hormone relaxin during pregnancy, which allows the ligaments in the pelvic area to relax and the joints to become looser in preparation for the birth process.

Choice C rationale

Increased abdominal muscle tone is not a typical physiological change during pregnancy. In fact, as the baby grows, the abdominal muscles stretch and can even separate, a condition known as diastasis recti.

Choice D rationale

Posterior neck flexion is not a typical physiological change during pregnancy.

Choice C rationale

While moderate caffeine consumption is generally considered safe during pregnancy, it’s important to note that caffeine is a stimulant and can increase heart rate and blood pressure, which can potentially affect the baby. Some studies also suggest that high caffeine intake may increase the risk of preterm birth or low birth weight. Therefore, it’s often recommended that pregnant women limit their caffeine intake.