A nurse is caring for a newborn whose mother is positive for the hepatitis B surface antigen. Which of the following treatments should the infant receive?
The hepatitis B vaccine is monthly until the newborn tests negative for the hepatitis B surface antigen
Hepatitis B immune globulin and the hepatitis B vaccine within 12 hours of birth
Hepatitis B immune globulin at 1 week followed by the hepatitis B vaccine monthly for 6 months
The hepatitis B vaccine at 24 hours followed by hepatitis B immune globulin every 12 hours for 3 days
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
Administering the hepatitis B vaccine monthly until the newborn tests negative for the hepatitis B surface antigen is not the appropriate treatment for a newborn whose mother is positive for the hepatitis B surface antigen. Immediate intervention is required to prevent transmission.
Choice B rationale:
The newborn of a mother who is positive for the hepatitis B surface antigen should receive hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and the hepatitis B vaccine within 12 hours of birth. HBIG provides passive immunity to the baby while the vaccine stimulates active immunity.
Choice C rationale:
Administering hepatitis B immune globulin for 1 week followed by the hepatitis B vaccine monthly for 6 months is not the correct treatment plan. Immediate intervention is necessary to prevent transmission to the newborn.
Choice D rationale:
Administering the hepatitis B vaccine at 24 hours followed by hepatitis B immune globulin every 12 hours for 3 days is not the appropriate treatment. Hepatitis B immune globulin should be given within 12 hours of birth, not over several days.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale: Placing the infant in the prone position (face down) after feeding is not recommended for a baby with gastroesophageal reflux. The prone position can increase the risk of aspiration if reflux occurs while the baby is lying down.
Choice B rationale: For an infant with gastroesophageal reflux, placing the baby in an upright position after feeding can help prevent or reduce reflux episodes. Keeping the infant in an upright position allows gravity to assist in keeping stomach contents down and reduces the likelihood of reflux into the esophagus.
Choice C rationale: Placing the infant on the right side after feeding is also not recommended for managing gastroesophageal reflux. The right side position may not be as effective in preventing reflux as the upright position.
Choice D rationale: Placing the baby on either side after feeding is also not recommended for managing gastroesophageal reflux. The upright position is more effective in preventing reflux episodes and promoting digestion. Side-lying positions after feeding may not provide the same benefits and can potentially increase the risk of reflux.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Elevating the client's legs is not the first action to address late decelerations. Positioning the client on her side is the priority intervention.
Choice B rationale:
Administering oxygen via a face mask is an appropriate intervention for late decelerations, but it is not the first action. Positioning the client on her side is the priority.
Choice C rationale:
Positioning the client on her side can relieve pressure on the vena cava and improve fetal oxygenation, which is crucial in managing late decelerations.
Choice D rationale:
Increasing the infusion rate of the IV fluid may not directly address the cause of late decelerations and is not the first action to take in this situation.
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