A nurse is caring for a newborn whose mother is positive for the hepatitis B surface antigen. Which of the following treatments should the infant receive?

The hepatitis B vaccine is monthly until the newborn tests negative for the hepatitis B surface antigen

Hepatitis B immune globulin and the hepatitis B vaccine within 12 hours of birth

Hepatitis B immune globulin at 1 week followed by the hepatitis B vaccine monthly for 6 months

The hepatitis B vaccine at 24 hours followed by hepatitis B immune globulin every 12 hours for 3 days

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale:

Administering the hepatitis B vaccine monthly until the newborn tests negative for the hepatitis B surface antigen is not the appropriate treatment for a newborn whose mother is positive for the hepatitis B surface antigen. Immediate intervention is required to prevent transmission.
Choice B rationale:

The newborn of a mother who is positive for the hepatitis B surface antigen should receive hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) and the hepatitis B vaccine within 12 hours of birth. HBIG provides passive immunity to the baby while the vaccine stimulates active immunity.
Choice C rationale:

Administering hepatitis B immune globulin for 1 week followed by the hepatitis B vaccine monthly for 6 months is not the correct treatment plan. Immediate intervention is necessary to prevent transmission to the newborn.
Choice D rationale:

Administering the hepatitis B vaccine at 24 hours followed by hepatitis B immune globulin every 12 hours for 3 days is not the appropriate treatment. Hepatitis B immune globulin should be given within 12 hours of birth, not over several days.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:
A gynaecoid pelvis is considered the most favorable pelvic shape for childbirth and is not a contributing cause of difficult, prolonged labor.
Choice B rationale:

A longitudinal fetal lie (baby's spine aligned with the mother's spine) is a normal and favorable presentation for birth and is not a contributing cause of difficult, prolonged labor.
Choice C rationale:
A persistent occiput posterior position (baby's head facing the mother's abdomen instead of her back) can be a contributing cause of difficult, prolonged labor and may lead to a severe backache for the mother.
Choice D rationale:
Fetal attitude in general flexion (baby's head flexed forward, chin to chest) is a normal and favorable presentation for birth and is not a contributing cause of difficult, prolonged labor.

A. Gender of the fetus B. Anatomic abnormalities C. Maturity of lungs D. Weeks of gestation

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale: The gender of the fetus is not determined through amniocentesis. Fetal gender determination can be achieved through ultrasound or other specialized genetic tests if needed.
Choice B rationale: While amniocentesis can provide information about certain chromosomal abnormalities and genetic conditions, it is not the primary procedure used to detect anatomic abnormalities. Detailed ultrasound and other specialized imaging techniques are used for this purpose.
Choice C rationale: Amniocentesis is a prenatal diagnostic procedure in which a small amount of amniotic fluid is withdrawn from the uterus. The amniotic fluid contains fetal cells and biochemical substances that can provide valuable information about the fetus's health and development. One of the essential pieces of information obtained from amniocentesis is the maturity of the lungs. This is crucial in preterm labor to assess whether the lungs are mature enough to support breathing if the baby is born prematurely.
Choice D rationale: The gestational age is determined through other methods, such as ultrasound measurements and the last menstrual period. Amniocentesis is not primarily used to determine the weeks of gestation.

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A nurse is caring for a newborn whose mother is positive for the hepatitis B surface antigen. Which of the following treatments should the infant receive?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who is in labor. The client's labor is difficult and prolonged and she reports a severe backache. Which of the following factors is a contributing cause of difficult, prolonged labor?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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