A nurse is caring for a male client who is undergoing screening tests for atherosclerosis. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse identify as an increased risk for this disorder?
Cholesterol level 195 mg/dL
Elevated HDL levels
Elevated LDL levels
Triglyceride level 135 mg/dL
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: A cholesterol level of 195 mg/dL is not an increased risk for atherosclerosis, because it is within the normal range of less than 200 mg/dL. Cholesterol is a type of fat that circulates in the blood and can contribute to plaque formation in the arteries.
Choice B reason: Elevated HDL levels are not an increased risk for atherosclerosis, because HDL stands for high-density lipoprotein, which is the "good" cholesterol that helps to remove excess cholesterol from the blood and prevent plaque formation in the arteries.
Choice C reason: Elevated LDL levels are an increased risk for atherosclerosis, because LDL stands for low-density lipoprotein, which is the "bad" cholesterol that can deposit in the arterial walls and cause plaque formation and narrowing of the arteries.
Choice D reason: A triglyceride level of 135 mg/dL is not an increased risk for atherosclerosis, because it is within the normal range of less than 150 mg/dL. Triglycerides are another type of fat that circulates in the blood and can contribute to plaque formation in the arteries.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is an incorrect statement, because the client should avoid any body piercings, tattoos, or other procedures that can cause skin or mucosal trauma and increase the risk of bacterial infection and endocarditis. The client should also seek medical attention if they have a fever or other signs of infection.
Choice B reason: This is a correct statement, because the client should notify their doctor before they have dental procedures, such as cleaning, filling, or extraction, that can cause bleeding and introduce bacteria into the bloodstream. The client may need prophylactic antibiotics to prevent endocarditis.
Choice C reason: This is a partially correct statement, because the client should floss their teeth twice a day as a part of their oral care, but this is not enough to prevent recurrence of endocarditis. The client should also brush their teeth with a soft toothbrush after each meal, use an antiseptic mouthwash, and visit their dentist regularly.
Choice D reason: This is an unnecessary statement, because the client does not need to wear a mask when they go out in public, unless they have a respiratory infection or are exposed to someone who has one. Endocarditis is not transmitted by airborne or droplet routes, but by direct contact with the infected heart valves or blood.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: This statement is judgmental and discouraging. It implies that the client is not making enough effort and does not acknowledge the possible challenges or barriers that the client may face.
Choice B reason: This statement is accusatory and confrontational. It puts the blame on the client and does not offer any support or guidance.
Choice C reason: This statement is empathetic and supportive. It shows that the nurse is interested in the client's situation and wants to help them identify and overcome any obstacles that may have affected their weight loss.
Choice D reason: This statement is unrealistic and dismissive. It does not address the reasons for the weight gain and does not help the client learn from their experience. It also ignores the emotional impact of the setback.
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