A nurse is caring for a client with the following Arterial Blood Gases (ABG) pH 7.48, PaCO2 53, and HCO3 31. How would these be interpreted?

Respiratory alkalosis

Partially Compensated Metabolic Alkalosis

Metabolic Acidosis

Fully Compensated Respiratory Acidosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Respiratory Alkalosis: Would have low PaCO2 (<35 mmHg), not high.

B. Partially Compensated Metabolic Alkalosis: The pH is high (alkalosis), and the HCO3 is elevated, which indicates metabolic alkalosis. The PaCO2 is high, meaning the lungs are attempting to compensate by retaining CO₂ to lower the pH. Because the pH is still abnormal, this is partial compensation.

C. Metabolic Acidosis: Would have low pH and low HCO3 (<22 mEq/L).

D. Fully Compensated Respiratory Acidosis: The primary problem is metabolic, not respiratory.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Respiratory Acidosis: Respiratory acidosis results from inadequate ventilation leading to CO₂ retention, which is unrelated to kidney failure.

B. Metabolic Alkalosis: Metabolic alkalosis occurs due to excessive loss of acids (e.g., vomiting) or excess bicarbonate intake. Acute renal failure causes acid retention, not loss.

C. Respiratory Alkalosis: Respiratory alkalosis is caused by hyperventilation and excessive CO₂ loss, not renal dysfunction.

D. Metabolic acidosis: The kidneys play a vital role in acid-base balance by excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing bicarbonate. Acute renal failure impairs these functions, leading to acid retention and metabolic acidosis.

Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"A","dropdown-group-2":"E"}

Explanation

Respiratory acidosis- Due to opioid-induced respiratory depression (hypoventilation, CO₂ retention). Phlebitis- Due to IV therapy (15g IV and 0.9% NS at 150mL/hr), increasing the risk of vein irritation and inflammation.

Incorrect answers:

Metabolic alkalosis: typically occurs due to vomiting or excessive bicarbonate intake.
Hypervolemia: The client is receiving IV fluids, but there is no evidence of fluid overload.
Osteomyelitis: Infection of the bone; not a direct risk in this scenario.

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A nurse is caring for a client with the following Arterial Blood Gases (ABG) pH 7.48, PaCO2 53, and HCO3 31. How would these be interpreted?

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Correct Answer is D

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Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"A","dropdown-group-2":"E"}

Explanation

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A nurse is caring for a client with the following Arterial Blood Gases (ABG) pH 7.48, PaCO2 53, and HCO3 31. How would these be interpreted?