A nurse is monitoring a client who has acute kidney injury. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?

Hypercalcemia

Elevated BUN

Metabolic alkalosis

Hypokalemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Hypercalcemia: AKI is typically associated with hypocalcemia because the kidneys fail to convert vitamin D to its active form, reducing calcium absorption.

B. Elevated BUN: AKI leads to impaired renal filtration, causing elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels due to the accumulation of nitrogenous waste.

C. Metabolic alkalosis: AKI usually causes metabolic acidosis, not alkalosis, due to the accumulation of acids (e.g., lactic acid, uremic toxins).

D. Hypokalemia: AKI commonly leads to hyperkalemia due to reduced potassium excretion.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Serum potassium 4.8 mmol/L: This is a normal potassium level (3.5–5.0 mmol/L) and indicates successful treatment.

B. Serum glucose 58 mg/dL: IV insulin drives potassium into cells, lowering serum potassium. However, insulin also lowers blood glucose, which can lead to hypoglycemia (glucose <70 mg/dL). Hypoglycemia is the primary adverse effect of IV insulin therapy.

C. Serum sodium 138 mEq/L: This is a normal sodium level (135–145 mEq/L) and not an adverse effect.

D. Calcium level of 100 mg: Calcium is not directly affected by IV insulin therapy.

A. The development of malignant hyperthermia B. The development of fluid volume excess C. The development of an allergic response to the pain medication D. The development of an infection.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The development of malignant hyperthermia: Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a life-threatening reaction to certain anesthetics (e.g., succinylcholine, halothane). It causes rapid muscle breakdown, severe hyperthermia, tachycardia, muscle rigidity, and metabolic acidosis. Immediate treatment with IV dantrolene and cooling measures is required.

B. The development of fluid volume excess: Fluid overload may cause hypertension and pulmonary edema but does not cause sudden high fever.

C. The development of an allergic response to the pain medication: Drug allergies typically present with rash, itching, or anaphylaxis, not extreme fever.

D. The development of an infection. Post-op infections usually develop over several days, not immediately in PACU.

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A nurse is monitoring a client who has acute kidney injury. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has hyperkalemia and is to receive intravenous insulin. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as an adverse outcome?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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