The nurse is reviewing IV solutions to identify which solution falls under which category.

0.45% sodium chloride

0.9% sodium chloride

Lactated Ringers

Albumin

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"B"},"C":{"answers":"B"},"D":{"answers":"C"}}

Solutions	Hypotonic	Isotonic	Hypertonic
0.45% sodium chloride	✅
0.9% sodium chloride		✅
Lactated Ringers		✅
Albumin			✅

0.45% Sodium Chloride (Hypotonic): Has lower osmolarity than blood, causing fluid to shift into cells, making them swell. Used for dehydration and intracellular rehydration.

0.9% Sodium Chloride (Isotonic): Has the same osmolarity as blood, so it stays in the intravascular space. Used for fluid resuscitation (hypovolemia, dehydration, shock).

Lactated Ringers (Isotonic): Contains electrolytes (Na+, K+, Ca2+, lactate), making it ideal for burns, surgery, and trauma patients. Maintains intravascular volume without fluid shifts.

Albumin (Hypertonic): Large protein that pulls fluid into the intravascular space (colloid osmotic pressure). Used for hypovolemia, burns, or severe hypoalbuminemia.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Place the client on seizure precautions: Metabolic alkalosis can cause neuromuscular excitability, increasing the risk of seizures.

B. Encourage the client to breathe slowly: Slow breathing retains CO₂, which worsens alkalosis. The body needs hypoventilation, but this cannot be forced.

C. Plan to administer sodium bicarbonate to the client: Sodium bicarbonate worsens alkalosis and is only used in metabolic acidosis, not alkalosis.

D. Have the client breathe into a paper bag: This is a treatment for respiratory alkalosis, not metabolic alkalosis.

A. Cabbage B. Broccoli C. Carrots D. Potatoes

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Cabbage: While nutritious, cabbage is not a significant source of calcium.

B. Broccoli: Broccoli is rich in calcium, which is crucial for bone health and osteoporosis prevention.

C. Carrots: Carrots are rich in vitamin A, not calcium.

D. Potatoes: Potatoes provide potassium, not calcium.

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The nurse is reviewing IV solutions to identify which solution falls under which category.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a client at high risk for osteoporosis about dietary measures she can take to increase her calcium level. Which of the following foods should the nurse advise the client to increase in her diet?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to obtain a 24-hr urine collection from a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

The nurse is developing a plan of care for a client diagnosed with acute renal failure (ARF). Which statement would be an appropriate outcome for the client?

The nurse is teaching the client with hypernatremia about dietary restrictions. Which foods would the nurse tell them to avoid?

The nurse is caring for a client who has chronic renal disease and is receiving therapy with erythropoietin (epoetin alpha). Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse review as an indication of a therapeutic effect of this medication?

A client is to have hemodialysis. What must the nurse do before this treatment?

What are the warning signs of hypovolemia?

A nurse is caring for a client who will have blood sampling for a serum creatinine level and asks what this test shows. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

The client receiving hemodialysis is complaining of being dizzy and light-headed. Which action should the nurse implement first?