A nurse is caring for a client who will begin a prolonged course of prednisone to treat a multiple sclerosis flare. What information should the nurse include in the education about this medication?

"This medication can cause fluid volume deficit."

"This medication can cause significant weight loss."

"This medication can cause you to retain sodium."

"This medication can cause thickening of the skin."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   Prednisone, a corticosteroid, is more commonly associated with fluid retention rather than fluid volume deficit. Fluid volume deficit would generally be a concern with diuretics or other medications that increase urine output. Prednisone can lead to fluid retention and edema, not a deficit.
B.   Prednisone is more likely to cause weight gain rather than weight loss. Corticosteroids can increase appetite and lead to fluid retention, both of which contribute to weight gain. Significant weight loss is not a typical side effect of prednisone.
C.   Prednisone and other corticosteroids can cause sodium retention, which can lead to fluid retention and hypertension. Sodium retention is a common side effect of corticosteroids, and it contributes to the fluid retention and potential weight gain associated with these medications.
D.   Prednisone can cause thinning of the skin rather than thickening. Long-term use of corticosteroids can lead to skin thinning, increased bruising, and easy tearing of the skin. Thickening of the skin is not a common side effect of prednisone.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Hypernatremia (elevated sodium levels) is not a common sign of Addisonian crisis. In Addisonian crisis, the lack of aldosterone leads to sodium loss, which often results in hyponatremia (low sodium levels) rather than hypernatremia. The patient might also experience dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, but hypernatremia is not typical in this scenario.
B. Fluid volume overload is not characteristic of Addisonian crisis. Instead, Addisonian crisis often leads to fluid volume deficit due to the loss of aldosterone, which impairs sodium and water retention. This can result in dehydration and low blood volume rather than fluid overload.
C. Hypokalemia (low potassium levels) is not typically associated with Addisonian crisis. In fact, the lack of aldosterone in Addisonian crisis leads to potassium retention, resulting in hyperkalemia (elevated potassium levels). Therefore, monitoring for hypokalemia is not relevant in the context of Addisonian crisis following a bilateral adrenalectomy.
D. Hypoglycemia (low blood glucose levels) is a key sign of Addisonian crisis. Cortisol plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism and maintaining blood glucose levels. With the loss of cortisol production after a bilateral adrenalectomy, patients may experience hypoglycemia, which can be a critical indicator of Addisonian crisis.

A. Women with lupus should ensure that they get plenty of sun each day while they are pregnant. B. Women with lupus should not become pregnant, because the disease poses too many risks. C. Women with lupus should have frequent prenatal visits and close monitoring of lupus symptoms during pregnancy. D. Women with lupus should avoid all medications during pregnancy to prevent harm to the baby.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Women with lupus should ensure that they get plenty of sun each day while they are pregnant. Exposure to sunlight can exacerbate lupus symptoms, especially in women with lupus photosensitivity. It's important for women with lupus to avoid excessive sun exposure and wear protective clothing and sunscreen.

B. Women with lupus should not become pregnant, because the disease poses too many risks. While pregnancy can pose additional risks for women with lupus, it is not always contraindicated. With proper management, many women with lupus can have healthy pregnancies.
C. It is important for women with lupus to receive frequent prenatal care and close monitoring of their lupus symptoms throughout pregnancy. This includes regular check-ups with a rheumatologist and obstetrician, monitoring of blood pressure, kidney function, and lupus activity, as well as screening for fetal development.
D. Women with lupus should avoid all medications during pregnancy to prevent harm to the baby. This is not always the case. Some medications may be necessary to manage lupus symptoms during pregnancy, and the benefits often outweigh the risks. It's important to discuss medication options with healthcare providers to determine the best course of action.

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A nurse is caring for a client who will begin a prolonged course of prednisone to treat a multiple sclerosis flare. What information should the nurse include in the education about this medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has undergone a bilateral adrenalectomy. The nurse monitors for which of the following signs of Addisonian crisis?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A female client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) asks the nurse about pregnancy and lupus. Which information should the nurse include when educating the client?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A client has been diagnosed with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Which change in vision would the nurse expect a client with AMD to report?

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