A nurse is caring for a client who sustained blood loss. Which is a manifestation of hypovolemia?
Dyspnea
Increased blood pressure
Weak pulse
Decreased heart rate
The Correct Answer is C
A: Dyspnea, or difficulty breathing, can occur in various conditions but is not a primary manifestation of hypovolemia. Hypovolemia primarily affects the cardiovascular system due to reduced blood volume.
B: Increased blood pressure is not a typical manifestation of hypovolemia. In fact, hypovolemia usually leads to decreased blood pressure due to the reduced volume of circulating blood.
C: A weak pulse is a common manifestation of hypovolemia. The reduced blood volume leads to decreased cardiac output, resulting in a weak and thready pulse.
D: Decreased heart rate is not typical in hypovolemia. The body usually compensates for low blood volume by increasing the heart rate (tachycardia) to maintain adequate circulation.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A: Hyperkalemia refers to high potassium levels, which can occur in ESKD but does not directly cause shortness of breath, swelling, or crackles in the lungs.
B: Hyponatremia refers to low sodium levels, which can occur in ESKD but does not directly cause the symptoms described.
C: Hypervolemia, or fluid overload, is the most likely cause of the client’s symptoms. ESKD can lead to fluid retention, causing shortness of breath, swelling, crackles in the lungs, and elevated blood pressure.
D: Hypovolemia refers to low blood volume, which would not cause the symptoms of fluid overload described in the client.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A: Drinking cranberry juice each day can help prevent UTIs. Cranberry juice contains compounds that may prevent bacteria from adhering to the urinary tract walls, reducing the risk of infection.
B: Wiping the perineal area from back to front after urination is incorrect and increases the risk of introducing bacteria from the anal area to the urethra, leading to UTIs. The correct method is to wipe from front to back to minimize this risk.
C: Emptying the bladder regularly and completely is an important measure to prevent UTIs. It helps flush out bacteria from the urinary tract and reduces the risk of infection.
D: Drinking 8 cups of liquid each day is recommended to maintain adequate hydration and promote regular urination, which helps prevent UTIs by flushing out bacteria.
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