A nurse is caring for a client who reports itching 30 min after receiving a newly prescribed medication. Which of the following data should the nurse document in the client's medical record?

The correct answer is choice B: A client who has measles.

Choice A rationale:

Airborne precautions are indicated for diseases that spread via small particles suspended in the air, such as droplets or dust particles that remain in the air for prolonged periods. Pneumonia is primarily spread through larger respiratory droplets and is not considered an airborne disease. Therefore, airborne precautions are not necessary for a client with pneumonia.

Choice B rationale:

Measles is a highly contagious airborne disease caused by the measles virus. It is transmitted through respiratory droplets and can remain in the air for an extended period. Initiating airborne precautions, such as wearing an N95 respirator mask and placing the client in a negative pressure isolation room, is crucial to prevent the spread of measles to healthcare workers and other patients.

Choice C rationale:

Pertussis (whooping cough) is primarily spread through respiratory droplets, similar to pneumonia. While it is a serious bacterial infection, it is not classified as an airborne disease. Thus, airborne precautions are not required for a client with pertussis.

Choice D rationale:

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is mainly spread through direct contact with contaminated surfaces or individuals. Airborne precautions are not necessary for MRSA, as it is not transmitted through the air. Standard precautions, including wearing gloves and gowns, are typically sufficient when caring for a client with MRSA.

The correct answer is choice A: "Complained about having incisional pain."

Choice A rationale:

Documenting a client's complaints about pain, especially incisional pain, is crucial in an electronic health record. Pain assessment and management are essential aspects of client care, and including this information helps to track the client's pain level, the effectiveness of pain interventions, and any changes in their condition over time.

Choice B rationale:

While it's important to monitor fluid intake and output, stating that the client "Voided adequate amounts through the shift" might be relevant to the client's overall condition but lacks specific information. It doesn't address the reason for the assessment, and the focus should be on the client's immediate care needs and responses.

Choice C rationale:

Noting that the client "Became short of breath when ambulating" is significant for documenting any potential signs of respiratory distress during activity. This information provides valuable insights into the client's ability to tolerate physical exertion and might indicate a need for further assessment or interventions.

Choice D rationale:

Documenting that the client "Appeared to be sleeping while in bed" might not offer significant clinical information unless there is a specific reason for noting the client's sleep patterns. Sleep is an important aspect of recovery, but this choice lacks the context needed to make it a priority entry in the documentation.