A nurse is caring for a client who receives insulin lispro each morning at 0730. The nurse should anticipate the client's insulin to peak around which of the following times?

1100

0830

1730

1400

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. 1100: This time corresponds approximately to the peak of short-acting insulin (regular insulin), which typically peaks 2–4 hours after administration. Insulin lispro is rapid-acting and peaks much earlier, so 1100 is too late for peak action.

B. 0830: Insulin lispro is a rapid-acting insulin that begins to work within 15 minutes, peaks in about 30–90 minutes, and has a duration of 3–5 hours. Administered at 0730, its peak effect would occur around 0830–0900, aligning with postprandial glucose control.

C. 1730: This time is too late to reflect the peak of insulin lispro administered in the morning. By this time, the rapid-acting insulin would have largely worn off, and the client’s blood glucose would be influenced by basal insulin or other meals.

D. 1400: This corresponds more closely to the peak of intermediate-acting insulin (NPH) administered in the morning, not rapid-acting insulin. Insulin lispro’s short peak period makes 1400 too delayed for its expected maximal effect.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "This test identifies indicators for birth defects.": The quadruple screen (quad screen) measures four maternal serum markers, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), unconjugated estriol, and inhibin-A, to assess the risk of fetal neural tube defects and chromosomal abnormalities such as Down syndrome.

B. "This test determines the sex of the fetus.": The quadruple screen does not determine fetal sex. Fetal sex can be identified through ultrasound or genetic testing, but the serum markers in the quad screen are not used for this purpose.

C. "This test screens for gestational diabetes.": Gestational diabetes is screened with a glucose challenge test or oral glucose tolerance test, not the quadruple screen. The quad screen focuses on markers related to fetal development and chromosomal anomalies, not maternal glucose metabolism.

D. "This test diagnoses fetal infection.": The quad screen does not detect infections in the fetus. Screening for fetal infections involves serologic testing, amniocentesis, or other targeted assessments depending on the suspected pathogen.

A. Apply sterile gloves after performing hand hygiene. B. Unroll the catheter before applying it to the penis. C. Leave space between the tip of the penis and the end of the condom catheter. D. Tape the condom catheter to the penis using waterproof adhesive tape.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Apply sterile gloves after performing hand hygiene: Applying a condom catheter does not require sterile technique. Clean gloves are appropriate to reduce the risk of infection, but sterile gloves are unnecessary, as the procedure is considered noninvasive and low risk for introducing pathogens.

B. Unroll the catheter before applying it to the penis: The condom catheter should be unrolled onto the penis during application, not before, to ensure proper fit and prevent twisting or air pockets. Pre-unrolling can make placement difficult and may compromise the seal, increasing the risk of leakage.

C. Leave space between the tip of the penis and the end of the condom catheter: Leaving a small space (about 1–2 cm) at the tip prevents pressure on the glans, reduces the risk of irritation or ischemia, and allows urine to flow freely into the collection bag without causing trauma to the penis. This is a key aspect of safe and effective application.

D. Tape the condom catheter to the penis using waterproof adhesive tape: The catheter should not be secured with adhesive tape around the shaft, as this can cause constriction, skin breakdown, or impaired circulation. Most condom catheters have self-adhesive or elastic sheaths that secure the device without additional taping.

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A nurse is caring for a client who receives insulin lispro each morning at 0730. The nurse should anticipate the client's insulin to peak around which of the following times?

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