A nurse is caring for a client who is taking COCs and reports nausea.
The nurse should advise the client to
Take the pill with a glass of water on an empty stomach
Take the pill at bedtime or with food
Switch to a different brand of COCs
Stop taking the pill and use another method of contraception
The Correct Answer is B
The correct answer is choice B. The nurse should advise the client to take the pill at bedtime or with food. This can help reduce nausea, which is a common side effect of COCs. Nausea usually diminishes with continued use of the same method.
Choice A is wrong because taking the pill with a glass of water on an empty stomach may increase nausea.
Choice C is wrong because switching to a different brand of COCs is not effective in treating nausea. There are no significant differences among various COCs in terms of nausea.
Choice D is wrong because stopping the pill and using another method of contraception is not necessary unless the client prefers it. Nausea is not harmful and can be managed with simple measures.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The correct answer is choice B. The client has a positive pregnancy test result.
This is a contraindication for bilateral tubal ligation because the procedure is a permanent form of contraception and should not be performed on a pregnant woman.
The client should be counseled about other options for birth control or termination of pregnancy.
Choice A is wrong because a history of pelvic inflammatory disease is not a contraindication for bilateral tubal ligation.It may increase the risk of complications from the surgery, such as infection or adhesions, but it does not prevent the procedure from being performed.
Choice C is wrong because a family history of breast cancer is not a contraindication for bilateral tubal ligation.It may affect the client’s decision to undergo the procedure, as some studies have suggested that tubal ligation may reduce the risk of ovarian cancer, which is associated with breast cancer.
However, this is not a medical reason to avoid the surgery.
Choice D is wrong because a history of endometriosis is not a contraindication for bilateral tubal ligation.
It may cause pelvic pain or infertility, but it does not affect the effectiveness or safety of the procedure.In fact, some studies have shown that tubal ligation may improve the symptoms of endometriosis by reducing retrograde menstruation.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is choice A.COCs prevent pregnancy byinhibiting the production of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), which are responsible for ovulation.
By suppressing ovulation, COCs prevent the release of a mature egg that can be fertilized by sperm.
Choice B is wrong because COCs do not increase the production of prostaglandins that cause uterine contractions.
Prostaglandins are involved in inflammation and pain, and are not directly related to contraception.
Choice C is wrong because COCs do not decrease the permeability of the fallopian tubes to sperm and egg.
The fallopian tubes are the site of fertilization, and COCs do not affect their function.
Choice D is partially correct but not the best answer.COCs do suppress ovulation, but they also have other mechanisms of action, such asthickening cervical mucusandaltering the uterine lining.
These effects make it harder for sperm to reach the egg and for a fertilized egg to implant in the uterus.
Therefore, choice D does not capture the full mechanism of action of COCs.
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