A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for a cholecystectomy due to gallstones. The client asks the nurse what caused the gallstones. Which of the following nurse statements best explains the cause of gallstones?

The gallbladder became infected by a virus and needs to be removed.

The gallbladder has become inflamed due to a build-up of gallstones that are blocking the common bile duct.

The gallbladder has become blocked by a tumor and is no longer working

The gallbladder has become inflamed due to the cholesterol in the gallstones.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. The gallbladder became infected by a virus and needs to be removed: Gallstones are not caused by a viral infection.

B. The gallbladder has become inflamed due to a build-up of gallstones that are blocking the common bile duct: While gallstones can obstruct the bile duct, leading to inflammation, the best explanation relates to cholesterol as the main cause of stone formation.

C. The gallbladder has become blocked by a tumor and is no longer working: Tumors are not a common cause of gallstones or cholecystitis.

D. The gallbladder has become inflamed due to the cholesterol in the gallstones. Gallstones are typically formed from cholesterol and bile salts. When there is too much cholesterol in the bile, it can form stones that may lead to inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis).

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Overdose: The patient has ingested a large quantity of unknown pills, leading to severe metabolic acidosis, high anion gap, and possible toxic accumulation. Dialysis is often indicated to clear toxins in the case of overdose, especially if renal function is impaired (as indicated by elevated creatinine).

B. Chronic Kidney Disease: While chronic kidney disease may eventually require dialysis, the acute overdose and metabolic acidosis are the more immediate concerns requiring urgent dialysis.

C. Hypertension: Hypertension may require management, but it is not the primary reason to initiate urgent dialysis in this scenario. The overdose and metabolic acidosis take precedence.

D. Dehydration: Dehydration alone does not necessitate dialysis. However, the overdose, metabolic acidosis, and renal impairment are the critical reasons for initiating dialysis.

A. Instruct the patient to change positions slowly prevent dizziness and falls. B. Advise the patient to avoid all physical activity to prevent exacerbation of symptoms. C. Encourage the patient to drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration. D. Recommend wearing tight clothing to support the abdominal area.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Instruct the patient to change positions slowly to prevent dizziness and falls. Ascites can cause a shift in fluid balance, leading to orthostatic hypotension. Changing positions slowly reduces the risk of dizziness and falls, which are common in patients with fluid shifts.

B. Advise the patient to avoid all physical activity to prevent exacerbation of symptoms: Complete avoidance of physical activity is not recommended. Mild activity may help with overall health and mobility unless contraindicated. Bedrest is typically only recommended for acute or severe cases.

C. Encourage the patient to drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration: Patients with ascites are often on fluid restrictions to manage excess fluid accumulation. Encouraging excess fluid intake can worsen the condition.

D. Recommend wearing tight clothing to support the abdominal area: Tight clothing could cause discomfort and increase abdominal pressure, which could exacerbate symptoms or complications related to ascites.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for a cholecystectomy due to gallstones. The client asks the nurse what caused the gallstones. Which of the following nurse statements best explains the cause of gallstones?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A patient with ascites has been admitted to your unit. Which of the following safety precautions should you reinforce to prevent complications?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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