A male patient is admitted to the hospital with complaints of epigastric pain, which he describes as burning and gnawing. The pain occurs 2-3 hours after eating and is somewhat relieved by food or antacids. He has a history of smoking and occasional alcohol use. Upon assessment, the patient exhibits tenderness in the epigastric region, and his vital signs are stable. The patient is diagnosed with a peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing intervention for this patient?
Administer a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) as prescribed to decrease gastric acid production
Provide a diet high in fiber and low in fat to promote gastrointestinal health.
Encourage the patient to eat small, frequent meals to prevent the secretion of gastric acid.
Instruct the patient to increase the intake of dairy products to help neutralize stomach acid.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Administer a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) as prescribed to decrease gastric acid production: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are a cornerstone of therapy for peptic ulcer disease as they effectively reduce gastric acid production, which helps the ulcer heal and relieves symptoms.
B. Provide a diet high in fiber and low in fat to promote gastrointestinal health: A high-fiber diet is not specifically indicated for PUD. While diet modifications may help, managing gastric acid production and avoiding irritants is more critical.
C. Encourage the patient to eat small, frequent meals to prevent the secretion of gastric acid: Although small, frequent meals may help some patients, they are not as effective in managing PUD compared to PPIs. Additionally, frequent eating can stimulate gastric acid production in some cases.
D. Instruct the patient to increase the intake of dairy products to help neutralize stomach acid:
Dairy products can initially neutralize stomach acid, but they can also stimulate further acid production, which may worsen symptoms in the long term. This is not recommended for managing PUD.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Social drinking of alcohol: While excessive alcohol consumption can irritate the stomach lining, social drinking is not as strongly associated with peptic ulcer disease as NSAID use.
B. Diet high in fiber and vegetables: A diet high in fiber and vegetables is generally protective against gastrointestinal issues and is not associated with an increased risk of PUD.
C. Frequent use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): NSAIDs are one of the most common causes of peptic ulcers. They can damage the stomach lining and increase acid production, leading to ulcers.
D. History of seasonal allergies: Seasonal allergies have no direct link to the development of peptic ulcers and are not a risk factor for PUD.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. A history of chronic headaches and migraines: While chronic headaches and migraines can affect overall health, they are not directly related to pyelonephritis.
B. A history of gastrointestinal issues such as irritable bowel syndrome: Gastrointestinal issues like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are generally unrelated to kidney function or urinary tract infections.
C. A history of cardiovascular problems such as hypertension: While hypertension can have indirect effects on renal function, it is not a common historical detail specifically associated with pyelonephritis.
D. A history of frequent urinary tract infections: Frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a significant risk factor for developing pyelonephritis, as the infection can ascend from the bladder to the kidneys.
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