A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving morphine intravenously. Which of the following findings indicates the client is experiencing morphine toxicity?
Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes
Fluid retention
Prolonged QT interval
Bradypnea
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes are not linked to morphine toxicity. Morphine, an opioid, depresses the central nervous system, reducing reflexes. Hyperactive reflexes suggest neurological or stimulant effects, not opioid overdose, which primarily causes respiratory and consciousness depression in affected clients.
Choice B reason: Fluid retention is not a primary sign of morphine toxicity. Morphine may cause urinary retention via sphincter tone increase, but fluid overload is unrelated. Toxicity manifests as respiratory depression or sedation, driven by mu-opioid receptor overstimulation, not fluid balance alterations.
Choice C reason: Prolonged QT interval is associated with medications like antiarrhythmics, not morphine. Morphine toxicity primarily causes respiratory depression and sedation via central nervous system effects. Cardiac effects are rare, and QT prolongation is not a hallmark of opioid overdose in clinical settings.
Choice D reason: Bradypnea indicates morphine toxicity, as opioids depress the brainstem’s respiratory center via mu-receptor overstimulation. This slows breathing, risking hypoxia and respiratory arrest, a life-threatening complication requiring immediate intervention like naloxone to reverse opioid effects and restore normal respiratory function.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Asking parents to wait outside may increase the preschooler’s anxiety, as parental presence provides comfort. Unless clinically necessary, excluding parents is not ideal, so this action is inappropriate for preparing the child, making it incorrect.
Choice B reason: Teaching deep-breathing to a preschooler is challenging due to their developmental stage, and it may not effectively reduce anxiety for a dressing change. Simpler reassurance is more suitable, so this is less effective, making it incorrect.
Choice C reason: Explaining the procedure in simple terms helps the preschooler understand what to expect, reducing fear and promoting cooperation. This developmentally appropriate approach aligns with pediatric care principles, making it the correct action for preparation.
Choice D reason: Limiting teaching to 20 minutes is impractical for a preschooler, whose attention span is short. Brief, simple explanations are more effective, and prolonged sessions may overwhelm the child, so this is incorrect for preparing them.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Ritualistic behavior is linked to obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, not narcissistic personality disorder (NPD). NPD involves self-focused grandiosity, not repetitive rituals driven by anxiety. These distinct psychological mechanisms make ritualistic behavior an unlikely finding in clients with NPD during assessment.
Choice B reason: Suspiciousness is characteristic of paranoid personality disorder, not NPD. While NPD clients may distrust due to ego threats, this is secondary to their grandiose self-view. Suspicion is not a core NPD trait, as their focus is on admiration, not pervasive mistrust.
Choice C reason: Preoccupation with aging is not a primary NPD feature. NPD clients focus on idealized self-image, but aging fears are more tied to body dysmorphic disorder or general anxiety. This preoccupation is not a diagnostic criterion for NPD in psychological assessments.
Choice D reason: A grandiose sense of self is a core NPD feature, marked by exaggerated self-importance and entitlement. Driven by fragile self-esteem, this trait leads to behaviors like boasting, as defined in DSM-5 criteria, making it an expected finding during assessment of NPD clients.
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