A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a hemicolectomy. Which of the following is a subjective indication that the client needs PRN pain medication?

c. Instruct the client to use abdominal breathing.

When a client is experiencing a panic atack, the nurse's first priority is to help the client manage their symptoms and provide immediate relief. Instructing the client to use abdominal breathing is the most appropriate initial intervention.

Explanation for the other options:

a. Discuss the client's feelings prior to the panic atack. While discussing the client's feelings can be beneficial in addressing the underlying causes of anxiety, it may not be the most effective immediate intervention during a panic atack. The client's focus during a panic atack is typically on managing the physical symptoms and regaining control.

b. Encourage the use of positive self-talk strategies. Positive self-talk can be helpful in managing anxiety in general, but during a panic atack, the individual may have difficulty engaging in positive self-talk due to the intensity of symptoms. Addressing the immediate physical symptoms is a priority before exploring coping strategies.

d. Administer an anti-anxiety medication. Medication administration may be necessary in some cases, but it is not the first-line intervention for managing a panic atack. Non-pharmacological interventions, such as breathing techniques, should be implemented first. If the panic atack persists or worsens despite these interventions, medication may be considered.

In summary, during a panic atack, the immediate focus should be on helping the client manage their symptoms. Instructing the client to use abdominal breathing can help promote relaxation and reduce the intensity of the panic atack.

Compartment syndrome is a condition characterized by increased pressure within a closed anatomical space, such as a compartment in the leg. This increased pressure can compromise blood flow and nerve function. When assessing a client with a long-leg cast who reports severe pain, the nurse should be vigilant for signs and symptoms of compartment syndrome.

Option a is a correct answer because pallor (paleness) in the exposed portion of the left foot may indicate compromised blood flow due to increased pressure within the compartment.

Option b is a correct answer because the inability to move the left foot suggests impaired nerve function,

which can be a sign of compartment syndrome.

Option c is not a correct answer. Increased warmth is not typically associated with compartment syndrome; instead, it may suggest inflammation or infection.

Option d is not a correct answer. Ecchymosis (bruising) is not typically associated with compartment syndrome, as it is more commonly observed in cases of injury or trauma.

Option e is a correct answer because paresthesia (abnormal sensations like tingling or numbness) in the left foot can indicate nerve compression and is a potential symptom of compartment syndrome.

By identifying the presence of pallor, inability to move the foot, and paresthesia, the nurse can recognize indications of compartment syndrome and take appropriate actions to address the condition promptly.