A nurse is caring for a client who is newly prescribed with morphine sulfate (Astramorph) for moderate pain. The client is not sure about the possible complications of this medication. Complete the sentence with the appropriate responses. The nurse understands that complications of morphine sulfate (Astramorph) include
The Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"B","dropdown-group-2":"D"}
A. Agitation is not a typical complication of morphine sulfate. In fact, morphine and other opioids generally cause sedation rather than agitation. Agitation may occur in rare cases due to discomfort (such as from constipation) or withdrawal symptoms, but it is not a common complication of morphine use.
B. Respiratory depression is a known and serious complication of morphine sulfate and other opioid medications. Opioids can reduce the body's respiratory drive, leading to slower and less effective breathing. This can be life-threatening, especially with higher doses or if combined with other sedative medications.
C. Dilated pupils (mydriasis) are typically not a complication of morphine use. Opioids, including morphine, typically cause constricted pupils (miosis), which is a hallmark sign of opioid use or overdose. Dilated pupils are more commonly associated with stimulant drug use (e.g., cocaine) or certain medical conditions, not opioids like morphine.
D. Bradycardia (slow heart rate) is a known side effect of morphine sulfate and other opioids. Opioids can affect the autonomic nervous system and cause a decrease in heart rate. This is particularly important to monitor for, especially in patients with existing heart conditions or those taking other medications that might also affect heart rate.
E. Diarrhea is generally not a complication of morphine use. Instead, one of the most common side effects of morphine and other opioids is constipation due to their effect on the gastrointestinal system. Opioids slow down the movement of the intestines, which can lead to constipation, but diarrhea is not a typical response.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Urinary symptoms such as urgency and frequency are not related to the therapeutic effects of cyclobenzaprine.
B. Cyclobenzaprine is a muscle relaxant, and its effectiveness is indicated by a reduction in muscle rigidity and spasms, along with improved range of motion.
C. Physical dependence is not a goal of treatment with cyclobenzaprine. The effectiveness of the medication should be measured by symptom relief, not dependence.
D. Cyclobenzaprine does not affect respiratory function, so the absence of spontaneous respiratory movements in mechanically ventilated clients is unrelated to the medication's action.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Morphine is a full agonist on mu receptors and does not act on kappa receptors in the same way.
B. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that blocks both mu and kappa receptors.
C. Butorphanol is a mixed opioid agonist-antagonist that acts as an agonist on kappa receptors and an antagonist on mu receptors. It is used for pain management and has a lower risk of dependence compared to full opioid agonists.
D. Acetaminophen does not act on opioid receptors and is not classified as an opioid.
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