A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing delirium. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Catatonia

Echopraxia

Agraphia

Illusions

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Catatonia. Catatonia involves significant motor disturbances such as rigidity, mutism, or excessive movement, commonly seen in schizophrenia or severe mood disorders. Delirium is characterized by acute confusion, fluctuating attention, and perceptual disturbances rather than motor abnormalities.
B. Echopraxia. Echopraxia is the involuntary repetition of another person’s movements, often linked to schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders. Delirium primarily presents with disorientation, altered consciousness, and hallucinations rather than repetitive motor behaviors.
C. Agraphia. Agraphia is the loss of the ability to write due to neurological conditions like stroke or dementia. Delirium is an acute and reversible cognitive disturbance that affects attention and perception but does not typically result in isolated language deficits.
D. Illusions. Illusions involve the misinterpretation of real stimuli, such as mistaking a cord for a snake, and are common in delirium. This occurs due to the client's fluctuating mental status, impaired sensory perception, and difficulty distinguishing reality from distorted perceptions.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Kleihauer-Betke test. This test is used to detect fetal-maternal hemorrhage by identifying fetal red blood cells in maternal circulation. It is not related to a nonreactive NST, which indicates the need for further fetal well-being assessment rather than checking for fetal-maternal bleeding.
B. Amnioinfusion. This procedure involves infusing fluid into the amniotic sac to relieve umbilical cord compression or dilute meconium-stained amniotic fluid. It is not an appropriate intervention for a nonreactive NST, as it does not assess fetal oxygenation or reactivity.
C. Administration of terbutaline. Terbutaline is a tocolytic used to relax the uterus and prevent preterm labor. It is not indicated for a nonreactive NST, as the concern in this scenario is fetal well-being rather than uterine activity.
D. Contraction stress test. A nonreactive NST means that the fetal heart rate does not demonstrate adequate accelerations, which can indicate potential fetal hypoxia. A contraction stress test is performed next to evaluate how the fetal heart rate responds to contractions, helping determine if the fetus can tolerate labor.

A. "I will stop what I am doing and lie down." B. "I will call the provider after taking one dose of nitroglycerin." C. "I will hold my breath and bear down." D. "I will take two 325 milligram aspirin tablets at the same time."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "I will stop what I am doing and lie down." Stopping activity and resting helps reduce myocardial oxygen demand, which can relieve stable angina. Lying down also minimizes strain on the heart and decreases the risk of injury if the client becomes lightheaded.
B. "I will call the provider after taking one dose of nitroglycerin." Clients with stable angina should take one dose of sublingual nitroglycerin and wait five minutes. If pain persists after three doses taken five minutes apart, emergency medical services should be contacted instead of waiting to call the provider.
C. "I will hold my breath and bear down." The Valsalva maneuver can increase vagal tone, leading to bradycardia and decreased cardiac output, which may worsen angina rather than relieve it. This is not an appropriate response to chest pain.
D. "I will take two 325 milligram aspirin tablets at the same time." While aspirin is beneficial for preventing platelet aggregation, the usual recommended dose for acute chest pain is a single 160–325 mg tablet chewed immediately. Taking two full-dose aspirin tablets is unnecessary and may increase the risk of bleeding.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing delirium. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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