A nurse is caring for a client who has ulcerative colitis and is teaching the client about the common link with Crohn's disease. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Both are inflammatory.
Both affect the entire alimentary canal.
Both will require a bowel diversion.
Both disorders are caused by low-fat, high-fiber diets.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: This is the correct answer because both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) that cause chronic inflammation of the digestive tract. The inflammation can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, bleeding, weight loss, or fever. The nurse should educate the client on how to manage inflammation and prevent complications.
Choice B reason: This is incorrect because both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease do not affect the entire alimentary canal, but different parts of it. Ulcerative colitis affects only the colon (large intestine) and rectum, while Crohn's disease can affect any part of the digestive tract from mouth to anus, most commonly the ileum (the last part of the small intestine). The nurse should explain the differences in location and extent of
the diseases.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect because both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease do not always require a bowel diversion, but only in some cases. A bowel diversion is a surgical procedure that creates an opening (stoma) in the abdomen to divert fecal matter into an external bag or pouch. It may be done to treat severe complications such as perforation, obstruction, fistula, or cancer. The nurse should inform the client about the indications, types, and care of bowel diversions.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect because both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are not caused by low-fat, high-fiber diets, but by unknown factors. The exact causes of IBD are not clear, but they may involve genetic, immune, environmental, or microbial factors. Low-fat, high-fiber diets may help prevent or reduce symptoms of IBD, but they do not cause them. The nurse should advise the client on how to follow a balanced and nutritious diet that suits their individual needs and preferences.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A Reason: Head trauma is not one of the top causes of blindness in the United States, but rather a possible cause of it. Head trauma can damage the optic nerve, retina, or brain, leading to vision loss or impairment.
Choice B Reason: Cardiovascular disease is not one of the top causes of blindness in the United States, but rather a risk factor for it. Cardiovascular disease can affect the blood supply and oxygen delivery to the eyes, leading to conditions such as glaucoma, macular degeneration, or retinal vein occlusion.
Choice C Reason: Syphilis is not one of the top causes of blindness in the United States, but rather a rare cause of it. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection that can affect the eyes, leading to inflammation, scarring, or detachment of the retina.
Choice D Reason: This is the correct choice. Diabetic retinopathy is one of the top causes of blindness in the United States, affecting about 4.1 million adults. Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes that damages the blood vessels in the retina, leading to bleeding, swelling, or leakage of fluid. It can cause blurred vision, floaters, or blindness if left untreated.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A Reason: Notifying child protective services is not the priority action, as it is not indicated by the skin irregularity. The skin irregularity is most likely a Mongolian spot, which is a benign, bluish-gray or purple patch of pigmentation that is common in infants of Asian, African, or Hispanic descent. It is not a sign of abuse or injury, but rather a normal variation of skin color.
Choice B Reason: This is the correct choice. Recording the finding is the priority action, as it documents the presence and location of the Mongolian spot and prevents confusion or misdiagnosis in the future. The Mongolian spot usually fades by age 2 to 4 years, but it may persist into adulthood.
Choice C Reason: Notifying the healthcare provider is not the priority action, as it is not necessary for the skin irregularity. The skin irregularity is not a cause for concern or intervention, but rather a normal variation of skin color.
Choice D Reason: Interviewing the clients about the injury is not the priority action, as it is not appropriate for the skin irregularity. The skin irregularity is not an injury, but rather a normal variation of skin color. Interviewing the clients about it may imply suspicion or accusation of abuse, which can damage the nurse-client relationship and trust.
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