A nurse is caring for a client who has metabolic alkalosis as a result of prolonged nasogastric suctioning. The nurse should expect which of the following arterial blood gas values?

pH 7.50, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, HCO3- 30 mEq/L.

pH 7.35, PaCO2 35 mm Hg, HCO3- 24 mEq/L.

pH 7.25, PaCO2 50 mm Hg, HCO3- 26 mEq/L.

pH 7.30, PaCO2 30 mm Hg, HCO3- 18 mEq/L.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason:

pH 7.50, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, HCO3- 30 mEq/L. This choice is correct because it shows a high pH, a normal PaCO2, and a high HCO3-, which are consistent with metabolic alkalosis. Metabolic alkalosis occurs when there is a loss of acid or a gain of base in the body fluids, such as from prolonged nasogastric suctioning. The kidneys try to compensate by excreting more bicarbonate, but this process is slow and incomplete.

Choice B reason:

pH 7.35, PaCO2 35 mm Hg, HCO3- 24 mEq/L. This choice is incorrect because it shows normal values for pH, PaCO2, and HCO3-, which indicate no acid-base imbalance. A client with metabolic alkalosis would have an elevated pH and bicarbonate level.

Choice C reason:

pH 7.25, PaCO2 50 mm Hg, HCO3- 26 mEq/L. This choice is incorrect because it shows a low pH, a high PaCO2, and a normal HCO3-, which are consistent with respiratory acidosis. Respiratory acidosis occurs when there is impaired gas exchange or hypoventilation, leading to an accumulation of carbon dioxide in the blood. The kidneys try to compensate by retaining more bicarbonate, but this process is slow and incomplete.

Choice D reason:

pH 7.30, PaCO2 30 mm Hg, HCO3- 18 mEq/L. This choice is incorrect because it shows a low pH, a low PaCO2, and a low HCO3-, which are consistent with metabolic acidosis. Metabolic acidosis occurs when there is a gain of acid or a loss of base in the body fluids, such as from diabetic ketoacidosis or diarrhea. The lungs try to compensate by increasing the rate and depth of breathing to expel more carbon dioxide, but this process is fast and limited.

Nursing Test Bank

Quiz #1: RN Exams Pharmacology Exams Quiz #2: RN Exams Medical-Surgical Exams Quiz #3: RN Exams Fundamentals Exams Quiz #4: RN Exams Maternal-Newborn Exams Quiz #5: RN Exams Anatomy and Physiology Exams Quiz #6: RN Exams Obstetrics and Pediatrics Exams Quiz #7: RN Exams Fluid and Electrolytes Exams Quiz #8: RN Exams Community Health Exams Quiz #9: RN Exams Promoting Health across the lifespan Exams Quiz #10: RN Exams Multidimensional care Exams

Get 100+ Naxlex Exit Exams for $79 Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN (14 Day Free-Trial)

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Quiz #1: Naxlex RN Comprehensive online practice 2019 B with NGN Quiz #2: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Quiz #3: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Exit Exam A Quiz #4: Naxlex HESI Exit LPN Exam Quiz #5: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor PN 2020 Quiz #6: Naxlex VATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Quiz #8: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 - Exam 1 Quiz #10: Naxlex HESI PN Exit exam Quiz #11: Naxlex HESI PN EXIT Exam 2

Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Administer magnesium sulfate IV. This is correct because magnesium sulfate is the treatment of choice for severe hypomagnesemia. It can rapidly increase the blood level of magnesium and correct the symptoms of deficiency.

Choice B reason:

Monitor the client's blood pressure and heart rate. This is incorrect because monitoring vital signs is not a specific intervention for hypomagnesemia. However, it is important to monitor the client for signs of hypotension and bradycardia, which can occur as adverse effects of magnesium sulfate therapy.

Choice C reason:

Encourage the client to increase intake of green leafy vegetables. This is correct because green leafy vegetables are rich sources of dietary magnesium. Increasing the intake of magnesium-rich foods can help prevent or treat mild hypomagnesemia.

Choice D reason:

Prepare to administer calcium gluconate IV. This is incorrect because calcium gluconate is not indicated for hypomagnesemia. Calcium gluconate is used to treat hypocalcemia, which can occur as a complication of hypomagnesemia. However, calcium gluconate should not be given until the magnesium level is corrected, as low magnesium can impair the response to calcium.

Choice E reason:

Assess the client for Chvostek's sign and Trousseau's sign. This is correct because Chvostek's sign and Trousseau's sign are clinical tests for neuromuscular irritability, which can occur in hypomagnesemia. Chvostek's sign is elicited by tapping the facial nerve in front of the ear and observing for facial twitching. Trousseau's sign is elicited by inflating a blood pressure cuff above the systolic pressure for 3 minutes and observing for carpal spasm.

A. Hypernatremia. B. Hypokalemia. C. Hyperchloremic acidosis. D. Hypochloremic alkalosis.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Hypernatremia is not a likely complication of sodium chloride and potassium chloride IV fluids, because these fluids do not contain excessive amounts of sodium. Hypernatremia is more likely to occur with hypertonic saline solutions or excessive sodium intake.

Choice B reason:

Hypokalemia is not a likely complication of sodium chloride and potassium chloride IV fluids, because these fluids contain potassium, which can help prevent or correct hypokalemia. Hypokalemia is more likely to occur with diuretic therapy, vomiting, or diarrhea.

Choice C reason:

Hyperchloremic acidosis is a likely complication of sodium chloride and potassium chloride IV fluids, because these fluids can increase the serum chloride level and lower the serum bicarbonate level, resulting in a metabolic acidosis. Hyperchloremic acidosis can also worsen the client's existing metabolic alkalosis by impairing the renal excretion of hydrogen ions.

Choice D reason:

Hypochloremic alkalosis is not a likely complication of sodium chloride and potassium chloride IV fluids, because these fluids do not cause a loss of chloride or an increase in bicarbonate. Hypochloremic alkalosis is more likely to occur with vomiting, gastric suctioning, or diuretic therapy.

View Question and Answer

Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.

Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today

A nurse is caring for a client who has metabolic alkalosis as a result of prolonged nasogastric suctioning. The nurse should expect which of the following arterial blood gas values?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has hypomagnesemia due to chronic alcohol use disorder. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has metabolic alkalosis and is receiving sodium chloride and potassium chloride IV fluids. The nurse should monitor for which of the following complications of this therapy?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a patient with severe burns who is receiving IV fluid resuscitation with lactated Ringer's solution. The nurse understands that this type of solution is used for this patient because it:

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A nurse is caring for a client who has dehydration due to vomiting and diarrhea. The client's blood pressure is 90/60 mm Hg, pulse is 110/min, and respirations are 22/min. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following types of IV fluids?

A nurse is assessing a client who has fluid overload. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? (Select all that apply.)

The nurse is preparing to insert a central venous catheter into a patient's right internal jugular vein using ultrasound guidance. What is an important step that the nurse should perform before inserting the catheter?

A nurse is administering albumin to a client who has hypovolemic shock due to hemorrhage. The nurse understands that albumin is which of the following types of solutions?

A nurse is planning care for a client who has hyponatremia and is receiving IV fluid therapy with 3% sodium chloride solution. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? (Select all that apply.)