A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage liver disease and a recent diagnosis of thrombocytopenia. Which of the following statements provides the best recommendation to prevent complications of bleeding?

Only use a soft-bristle toothbrush

Apply an ice pack over a bleeding wound

Use a Boss pick instead of the four string to floss in between the teeth

Wear sleeveless or short-sleeved shirts and shorts to better visualize any skin issues

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Only use a soft-bristle toothbrush: Clients with thrombocytopenia are at risk for bleeding, including gum bleeding. Using a soft-bristle toothbrush minimizes trauma to the gums and reduces the risk of bleeding.

B. Apply an ice pack over a bleeding wound: While ice can help constrict blood vessels and reduce minor bleeding, it is not the primary preventative measure for thrombocytopenia-related bleeding.

C. Use a floss pick instead of the floss string to clean between teeth: A floss pick may still cause gum trauma. It is recommended to use a soft flossing technique or avoid flossing if platelet counts are extremely low.

D. Wear sleeveless or short-sleeved shirts and shorts to better visualize any skin issues: While monitoring for petechiae or bruising is important, it does not actively prevent bleeding complications.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Hirschsprung's disease: Hirschsprung’s disease is caused by a congenital absence of ganglion cells in the colon, leading to impaired peristalsis and mechanical obstruction. This condition presents with symptoms such as delayed meconium passage, abdominal distention, and constipation.

B. Pyloric stenosis: Pyloric stenosis is characterized by hypertrophy of the pylorus, causing gastric outlet obstruction. It presents with projectile vomiting rather than mechanical obstruction of the lower intestine.

C. Crohn’s disease: Crohn’s disease is an inflammatory bowel condition, not a congenital disorder of motility. It primarily causes inflammation rather than mechanical obstruction.

D. Enterocolitis: Enterocolitis refers to inflammation of the intestines, which can occur due to infections or conditions like necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants. It does not primarily present as a congenital mechanical obstruction.

A. Metoprolol B. Famotidine C. Mesalamine D. Balloon Tamponade

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Metoprolol: Beta-blockers reduce portal hypertension and prevent variceal bleeding.

B. Famotidine: H2 blockers reduce gastric acid and help prevent irritation of varices.

C. Mesalamine: Mesalamine is used for inflammatory bowel disease, not cirrhosis.

D. Balloon tamponade: Balloon tamponade is used in severe variceal bleeding.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has end-stage liver disease and a recent diagnosis of thrombocytopenia. Which of the following statements provides the best recommendation to prevent complications of bleeding?

Nursing Test Bank

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