A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic renal failure.

The client displays the following ABG results: pH 7.24, PaCO2 44 mm Hg, PaO2 84 mm Hg. HCO3 18 mEq/L, base excess -2, and O2 saturation 95%.

The nurse should conclude that the client has which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Respiratory acidosis.

Metabolic alkalosis.

Respiratory alkalosis.

Metabolic acidosis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

The client’s ABG results show a pH of 7.24, which is below the normal range of 7.35-7.45 and indicates acidosis.
The PaCO2 is within the normal range of 35-45 mm Hg, indicating that the acidosis is not caused by a respiratory issue.
The HCO3 level is 18 mEq/L, which is below the normal range of 22-28 mEq/L and indicates a primary metabolic cause for acidosis.
Respiratory acidosis is not indicated by the ABG results as the PaCO2 is within the normal range.
B) Metabolic alkalosis is not indicated by the ABG results as the pH and HCO3 levels are below their respective normal ranges.
C) Respiratory alkalosis is not indicated by the ABG results as the pH is below the normal range and the PaCO2 is within the normal range.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Pitting edema is a common and obvious symptom of right-sided heart failure.

This occurs when fluid retention causes swelling in the lower limbs and sometimes the abdomen.
Choice A is incorrect because poor skin turgor is not a common symptom of right-sided heart failure.
Choice C is incorrect because oliguria, or decreased urine output, is not a common symptom of right-sided heart failure.
Choice D is incorrect because S4 galloping heart sounds are not a common symptom of right-sided heart failure.

A. Initiate an IV dopamine infusion. B. Begin an IV bolus of lactated Ringer's. C. Perform neurological assessments. D. Place the client supine.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A hypertensive crisis is an emergent situation in which a marked elevation in diastolic blood pressure can cause end-organ damage.
The nurse should perform neurological assessments to monitor for any changes in the patient’s level of consciousness and other neurological symptoms.
Choice A is incorrect because dopamine is not typically used to treat hypertensive crises.
Choice B is incorrect because lactated Ringer’s solution is not typically used to treat hypertensive crises.
Choice D is incorrect because placing the client supine may not be appropriate and could potentially worsen their condition.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic renal failure. The client displays the following ABG results: pH 7.24, PaCO2 44 mm Hg, PaO2 84 mm Hg. HCO3 18 mEq/L, base excess -2, and O2 saturation 95%. The nurse should conclude that the client has which of the following acid-base imbalances?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who has right-sided heart failure. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse expect to find?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing a hypertensive crisis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic renal failure.

The client displays the following ABG results: pH 7.24, PaCO2 44 mm Hg, PaO2 84 mm Hg. HCO3 18 mEq/L, base excess -2, and O2 saturation 95%.

The nurse should conclude that the client has which of the following acid-base imbalances?