A nurse is caring for a client who has asthma.
The client asks the nurse how albuterol helps his breathing.
Which of the following information should the nurse include in the response? (Select all that apply.).

Choice A rationale:

Fine rales Fine rales, also known as crackles, are typically associated with conditions like pulmonary edema, pneumonia, or interstitial lung diseases. These sounds are often described as "crackling" or "popping" and are heard during inspiration. In an acute asthma exacerbation, expiratory wheezing is more characteristic than fine rales.

Choice B rationale:

Rhonchi Rhonchi are continuous, low-pitched sounds that can be heard in conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or bronchitis. They are typically present during both inspiration and expiration. In an acute asthma exacerbation, you would expect to hear wheezing during expiration, which is different from the characteristics of rhonchi.

Choice D rationale:

Pleural friction rub Pleural friction rub is a grating, leathery sound caused by the inflamed pleura rubbing against each other. It is typically heard during both inspiration and expiration and is associated with conditions like pleuritis or pleurisy. It is not commonly associated with acute asthma exacerbation. Now, let's move on to the next question.

Choice A rationale:

The nurse should instruct the client to consume foods rich in potassium because furosemide, a loop diuretic, can lead to potassium depletion. By consuming potassium-rich foods, the client can help maintain proper electrolyte balance. Common potassium-rich foods include bananas, oranges, potatoes, and leafy greens. It is crucial to prevent hypokalemia, as it can result in adverse effects such as cardiac dysrhythmias and muscle weakness.

Choice B rationale:

Taking furosemide at bedtime is not necessary, and it is not a standard instruction. Furosemide is usually taken in the morning to avoid nocturia, as it increases urine output. This option does not address the primary concern of managing pulmonary edema and the potential electrolyte imbalances associated with furosemide use.

Choice C rationale:

Taking aspirin for headaches is not relevant to the client's condition of pulmonary edema or the use of furosemide. This choice does not provide valuable guidance to the client and may lead to unnecessary medication use.

Choice D rationale:

Expecting swelling in the hands and feet is not an appropriate instruction for a client with pulmonary edema. The goal of furosemide therapy is to reduce edema and fluid retention, not to expect or tolerate swelling. This option does not contribute to the client's well-being and recovery.