A nurse is caring for a client who has acute glomerulonephritis.

Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Hematuria

Polyuria

Weight loss.

Hypotension

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

The correct answer is choice A, hematuria.

Hematuria is the presence of red blood cells in the urine, which can make it appear pink or cola-colored. Hematuria is a common sign of glomerulonephritis, which is inflammation of the tiny filters in the kidneys (glomeruli) that remove waste and excess fluid from the blood.

Hematuria occurs because the inflamed glomeruli allow some blood cells to leak into the urine.

Choice B, polyuria, is wrong because polyuria is the production of abnormally large amounts of urine. Polyuria is not a typical feature of acute glomerulonephritis, which may actually cause reduced urine output due to fluid retention and decreased kidney function.

Choice C, weight loss, is wrong because weight loss is not a common symptom of acute glomerulonephritis. On the contrary, weight gain may occur due to fluid retention and edema (swelling) in the face, hands, feet and abdomen.

Choice D, hypotension, is wrong because hypotension is low blood pressure. Hypotension is not usually associated with acute glomerulonephritis, which may cause high blood pressure (hypertension) due to fluid overload and impaired sodium excretion by the kidneys.

Normal ranges for blood pressure are less than 120/80 mmHg for adults.

Normal ranges for urine output are about 800 to 2000 mL per day for adults.

Normal ranges for protein in the urine are less than 150 mg per day for adults. Normal ranges for red blood cells in the urine are less than 3 per high-power field for men and less than 5 per high-power field for women.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The correct answer is choice A. Implement firm but flexible boundaries in their relationship.

This is because boundaries can help the client and family to respect each other’s roles, needs and preferences, and to avoid role confusion, resentment or guilt. Boundaries can also promote independence and self-care for the client, as well as prevent caregiver burnout for the family.

Choice B is wrong because minimizing open discussion regarding the changes can lead to misunderstanding, frustration or isolation. The client and family should communicate openly and honestly about their feelings, expectations and challenges, and seek support when needed.

Choice C is wrong because authoritative communication from the adult child can create a power imbalance, undermine the client’s autonomy and dignity, or cause conflict or resistance. The client and family should use respectful and collaborative communication, and involve the client in decision-making as much as possible.

Choice D is wrong because decreasing socialization with extended relatives can reduce the client and family’s support network, increase their stress or loneliness, or limit their opportunities for meaningful activities. The client and family should maintain contact with their relatives and friends, and participate in social or recreational activities that they enjoy.

A. Beneficence. B. Fidelity. C. Autonomy. D. Veracity.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The correct answer is A. Beneficence. Beneficence is the ethical principle of doing good for the patient and promoting their well-being.

The nurse is demonstrating beneficence by sitting with the client to provide comfort and support during a difficult time.

Choice B is wrong because fidelity is the ethical principle of keeping promises to the patient and being loyal and faithful.

The nurse is not making or keeping any promises to the client in this scenario.

Choice C is wrong because autonomy is the ethical principle of respecting the patient’s right to make their own decisions and choices.

The nurse is not interfering with the client’s autonomy in this scenario.

Choice D is wrong because veracity is the ethical principle of telling the truth to the patient and being honest and trustworthy.

The nurse is not lying or withholding information from the client in this scenario.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has acute glomerulonephritis.

Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?