A nurse is caring for a client who has a central venous catheter and suddenly develops chest pain, dyspnea, dizziness, and tachycardia. The nurse suspects air embolism and clamps the catheter immediately. What other action should the nurse take at this time?

Remove the catheter.

Replace the infusion system.

Prepare for chest tube insertion.

Place the client on his left side in Trendelenburg position.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Remove the catheter: Removing the catheter may not be the immediate priority. The nurse should focus on preventing further air entry into the circulation and addressing the symptoms.

B. Replace the infusion system: While ensuring that the infusion system is intact is important, it is not the primary action needed to manage an air embolism.

C. Prepare for chest tube insertion: Chest tube insertion is not the primary intervention for an air embolism. The focus should be on preventing the progression of the embolism and providing supportive care.

D. Place the client on his left side in Trendelenburg position: This is the correct answer. Placing the client on the left side in Trendelenburg position is a maneuver used to trap air in the right atrium, preventing it from traveling to the pulmonary artery. The left side position helps to prevent the air from traveling to the right ventricle and into the pulmonary artery, reducing the risk of further complications.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Serum amylase: Serum amylase is an enzyme associated with pancreatic function, and its elevation is not specific to myocardial infarction.

B. Unconjugated bilirubin: Elevation of unconjugated bilirubin is associated with liver function and hemolysis, not specifically with myocardial infarction.

C. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST): While AST may be elevated in conditions affecting the heart, it is not as specific or sensitive for myocardial infarction as troponin I.

D. Troponin I: This is the correct answer. Troponin I is a cardiac-specific biomarker released into the bloodstream when there is damage to cardiac muscle, such as during a myocardial infarction. Troponin I levels start to rise within 3-4 hours after the onset of myocardial infarction, making it a crucial marker for early detection.

A. "Increasing my intake of foods containing trans-fatty acids can lower my risk." B. "Adding foods containing omega-3 fatty acids to my diet can lower my risk." C. "A weight loss program can decrease my LDL cholesterol level." D. "Exercising regularly will increase HDL cholesterol levels."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "Increasing my intake of foods containing trans-fatty acids can lower my risk." - This statement is incorrect. Trans-fatty acids are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The client should be advised to reduce or eliminate the consumption of foods containing trans fats.

B. "Adding foods containing omega-3 fatty acids to my diet can lower my risk." - This statement is correct. Omega-3 fatty acids, found in fish and certain plant sources, have been associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease.

C. "A weight loss program can decrease my LDL cholesterol level." - This statement is correct. Weight loss, especially in the context of a healthy diet and regular exercise, can contribute to a decrease in LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol levels.

D. "Exercising regularly will increase HDL cholesterol levels." - This statement is correct. Regular exercise is associated with an increase in HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol, which is considered beneficial for heart health.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has a central venous catheter and suddenly develops chest pain, dyspnea, dizziness, and tachycardia. The nurse suspects air embolism and clamps the catheter immediately. What other action should the nurse take at this time?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who had a myocardial infarction 3 hr ago. The nurse should expect which of the following laboratory values to be elevated?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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