A nurse is caring for a client who had a stroke and has dysphagia. For which of the following complications should the nurse monitor the client?
Aspiration
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
Peptic ulcer disease
Dumping syndrome
The Correct Answer is A
Aspiration is a common complication in patients with dysphagia post-stroke due to impaired swallowing reflexes, leading to food or liquid entering the lungs.
Choice B reason: Gastroesophageal reflux disease could be a concern but is not directly related to dysphagia post-stroke.
Choice C reason: Peptic ulcer disease is not typically a complication of dysphagia post-stroke.
Choice D reason: Dumping syndrome is related to rapid gastric emptying post-meal, not dysphagia post-stroke.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A. An embolic stroke is caused by an embolus, often a blood clot, that travels to the brain from another part of the body. It does not typically present with a sudden, severe headache.
Choice B. A thrombotic stroke occurs when a blood clot forms inside one of the brain's arteries. While it can cause a headache, it is not usually characterized by a sudden, severe headache.
Choice C. A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is often called a mini-stroke and symptoms are temporary. A sudden, severe headache is more indicative of a hemorrhagic stroke.
Choice D. A hemorrhagic stroke, which involves bleeding within the brain, is most likely to cause a sudden, severe headache, and can lead to seizures and changes in consciousness.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Asterixis, also known as "liver flap," is a tremor of the hand when the wrist is extended, often seen in hepatic encephalopathy as a result of altered brain function.
Choice B reason: A change in orientation, including confusion and altered consciousness, is a hallmark of hepatic encephalopathy, reflecting the brain's impaired ability to process information.
Choice C reason: Anorexia may be present in cirrhosis, but it is not a specific indicator of hepatic encephalopathy.
Choice D reason: Ascites is a common complication of cirrhosis due to portal hypertension but is not a direct indicator of hepatic encephalopathy.
Choice E reason: Fetor hepaticus, a musty odor of the breath, is a distinctive symptom of hepatic encephalopathy caused by the presence of mercaptans in the breath as the liver fails to break down sulfur-containing amino acids.
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