A nurse is caring for a client who had a fiberglass cast applied 30 min ago for a fractured tibia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Maintain affected leg elevated on several pillows.

Instruct the client to wiggle the toes once every 4 hr.

Use a hair dryer to promote drying of the cast.

Apply heat to the client's cast to provide pain relief.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale:

The nurse should maintain the affected leg elevated on several pillows to reduce swelling and promote venous return. Elevating the leg helps minimize edema, which can be beneficial for the healing process and overall comfort of the client.

Choice B rationale:

Instructing the client to wiggle the toes once every 4 hours is not necessary and may cause discomfort to the fractured tibia. Toe wiggling does not provide any significant benefit in this context and could potentially disrupt the healing process.

Choice C rationale:

Using a hair dryer to promote drying of the cast is not recommended. Applying heat to the fiberglass cast may alter its integrity and lead to uneven drying, potentially weakening the cast's support.

Choice D rationale:

Applying heat to the client's cast for pain relief is not advisable. Heat may also weaken the cast material and is unlikely to provide effective pain relief for a fractured tibia. Instead, the nurse should follow the prescribed pain management plan and use appropriate pain medications as ordered by the healthcare provider.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

A PT (Prothrombin Time) of 12 seconds is not indicative of the effectiveness of heparin therapy for a pulmonary embolism. PT measures the extrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade, and it is more relevant to monitor in patients on warfarin therapy.

Choice B rationale:

The aPTT (Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time) of 75 seconds is the correct choice as it reflects the effectiveness of unfractionated heparin therapy. Heparin works by inhibiting clotting factors in the intrinsic pathway, and the aPTT is used to monitor heparin's anticoagulant effect. The normal range for aPTT is typically 25-35 seconds.

Choice C rationale:

An INR (International Normalized Ratio) of 1.1 is not the appropriate parameter to assess the effectiveness of heparin therapy. INR is primarily used to monitor the effectiveness of oral anticoagulants like warfarin, not heparin.

Choice D rationale:

The platelet count of 200,000/mm² is not a suitable parameter to evaluate the effectiveness of heparin therapy. Platelet count is important for assessing the risk of bleeding or clotting disorders but does not directly measure the impact of heparin on clotting factors.

A. High lipase. B. High creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB). C. Low hemoglobin. D. Low urine specific gravity.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale:
High lipase is not a typical laboratory finding related to overusing prescribed diuretics and a sodium level of 127 mEq/L. Lipase is an enzyme involved in lipid digestion and is more relevant in assessing pancreatic function.
Choice B rationale:
High creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) is not associated with overusing prescribed diuretics or hyponatremia (low sodium level). CK-MB is a specific marker for myocardial damage and is usually elevated in conditions like myocardial infarction.
Choice C rationale:
Low hemoglobin is not directly related to overusing prescribed diuretics and a sodium level of 127 mEq/L. Low hemoglobin may indicate anemia or other hematological issues but this is not a typical finding in this scenario.
Choice D rationale:
The correct answer is low urine specific gravity. Overusing diuretics can lead to excessive urination, causing the urine to become more dilute with lower specific gravity. A low urine specific gravity indicates decreased urine concentration and can be a sign of fluid and electrolyte imbalances, including hyponatremia.

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A nurse is caring for a client who had a fiberglass cast applied 30 min ago for a fractured tibia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has a pulmonary embolism and is receiving therapy with unfractionated heparin. Which of the following laboratory results indicates that the therapy is effective?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a client who is overusing prescribed diuretics and has a sodium level of 127 mEq/L. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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