A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with bacterial meningitis and is receiving gentamicin. Morning laboratory results include the following: BUN 31 mg/dL, creatinine 1.8 mg/dL, and glomerular filtration rate 55 mL/min. Which of the following conditions does the client's laboratory results most likely indicate?

A prerenal acute kidney injury

A chronic kidney injury

An intrarenal acute kidney injury

A postrenal acute kidney injury

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. White blood cells (WBC) of 10:A WBC count of 10 is higher than the typical reference range (usually 0–5 WBCs per high-power field). An elevated WBC count suggests infection or inflammation, and this should be reported for further assessment.

B. Occasional casts:Occasional casts in the urine can be normal, especially hyaline casts, which may appear after exercise or mild dehydration. However, a high number of casts, or specific types like red or white cell casts, may indicate renal disease and would require follow-up.

C. pH of 5.0:A urine pH of 5.0 is within the normal acidic range (typically 4.5 to 8.0) and does not require reporting unless there are other abnormal findings or specific concerns about acidosis or alkalosis.

D. Dark amber color. Dark amber urine can indicate dehydration but is not an unusual finding by itself. Hydration can typically correct this, so it does not need immediate reporting unless accompanied by other concerning symptoms (e.g., jaundice, which might suggest bilirubinuria).

A. Pain with urination B. Urination at night C. Swelling around the eyes D. Difficulty getting the urine stream started

Correct Answer is ["B","D"]

Explanation

A. Pain with urination: Pain during urination is not typically a common symptom of BPH. It's more commonly associated with urinary tract infections (UTIs) rather than solely due to BPH.

B. Urination at night: Frequent urination, especially at night (nocturia), is a common symptom of BPH. As the prostate enlarges, it can obstruct the urethra, leading to incomplete emptying of the bladder, and causing increased urination, especially during the night.

C. Swelling around the eyes: Swelling around the eyes is not a direct symptom of BPH. It's more commonly related to other conditions like allergies or fluid retention but not specifically associated with BPH.

D. Difficulty getting the urine stream started: This is a hallmark symptom of BPH. Enlargement of the prostate can obstruct the urethra, leading to difficulty initiating urination or a weak urine stream.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory findings for a client who had a urinalysis. Which finding should the nurse report to the provider?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Correct Answer is ["B","D"]

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a group of clients, who all are incontinent of urine, on the medical-surgical unit. Which comorbidities should the nurse expect to find in their medical records? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic glomerulonephritis. The assistive personnel (AP) brings a snack into the client's room. Which of the following foods should the nurse stop the AP from giving to this client?

A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who is postoperative following peritoneal lavage for peritonitis. The client has a nasogastric tube to low-intermittent suction and closed-suction drains in place. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?

A nurse is caring for a group of clients on a urology unit. Which clients are the most at risk for benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is caring for a client admitted to the urology unit with complaints of shortness of breath and a diagnosis of chronic kidney disease. Which of the following pathophysiological changes in the renal system led to the admitting diagnosis of chronic kidney disease?

Among which statements is true regarding intermittent feeding.

A nurse is participating in the evaluation of the client's understanding of chronic kidney disease. Which of the following client statements indicate understanding of food restrictions? (Select all that apply.)