A nurse is caring for a child who has Hirschsprung disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Ridged abdomen
Ribbonlike, foul-smelling stools
Projectile vomiting
Chronic hunger
The Correct Answer is B
A. Ridged abdomen - This finding is not typically associated with Hirschsprung disease. Instead, the abdomen may appear distended or bloated due to the accumulation of stool in the colon.
B. Ribbonlike, foul-smelling stools - This is a characteristic finding in Hirschsprung disease. Because the affected portion of the colon lacks nerve cells (ganglion cells) responsible for peristalsis, stool movement is impaired, leading to the passage of narrow, ribbonlike stools. These stools may also have a foul odor due to bacterial overgrowth in the affected area.
C. Projectile vomiting - Projectile vomiting is not a common finding in Hirschsprung disease. It is more commonly associated with conditions such as pyloric stenosis or gastroesophageal reflux.
D. Chronic hunger - Chronic hunger is not a typical finding in Hirschsprung disease. Instead, affected infants may experience feeding difficulties, constipation, and failure to thrive due to the obstruction of stool in the colon. They may also exhibit symptoms such as abdominal distention, vomiting, and refusal to feed.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Influenza:
The influenza vaccine is typically administered annually starting at 6 months of age. It helps protect against seasonal influenza viruses and is usually recommended during the fall or winter months.
B. Rotavirus:
The rotavirus vaccine is routinely administered to infants starting at 2 months of age, with additional doses given at 4 and 6 months of age. It helps prevent rotavirus infection, which can cause severe diarrhea and vomiting in infants and young children.
C. Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR):
The MMR vaccine is typically administered around 12-15 months of age, with a second dose given at 4-6 years of age. It helps protect against measles, mumps, and rubella, which are contagious viral infections that can cause serious complications.
D. Varicella (VAR):
The varicella vaccine, also known as the chickenpox vaccine, is usually administered around 12-15 months of age, with a second dose given at 4-6 years of age. It helps prevent chickenpox, a highly contagious viral infection characterized by a rash and fever.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Maintain a saline-lock:
While maintaining a saline lock is important for ensuring vascular access in case of emergency, it is not the priority action in caring for a child with acute glomerulonephritis. Monitoring fluid balance and electrolyte levels may be necessary, but the immediate priority is to educate the parents about potential complications.
B. Check the child's weight daily:
Monitoring daily weight is crucial in acute glomerulonephritis, as it helps assess fluid balance and detect early signs of fluid retention or worsening kidney function, which are key concerns in this condition. This makes it a priority action.
C. Place the child on a no-salt-added diet:
Dietary modifications, including reducing salt intake, may be recommended for managing acute glomerulonephritis. However, it is not the priority action at this stage.
D. Educate the parents about potential complications:
Parental education is important for long-term management and understanding of the condition, but it is not the most immediate priority in the acute phase of the illness.
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