A nurse is caring for a 30-year-old client who was brought to the emergency department (ED).

Exhibits

The nurse should determine the assessment findings are consistent with which of the following disease processes?

For each assessment finding, click to specify if the finding is consistent with bacterial meningitis or encephalitis. Each finding may support more than 1 disease process.

WBC count in CSF

Muscle weakness

Altered level of consciousness

Kernig sign result

Body temperature at 2105

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A,B"},"B":{"answers":"A,B"},"C":{"answers":"A,B"},"D":{"answers":"A"},"E":{"answers":"A,B"}}

A high white blood cell (WBC) count in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is more commonly associated with bacterial meningitis, characterized by a high neutrophil count, low glucose, and high protein levels. it is also seen in encephalitis and reflects the individual cell lines that are affected.

Muscle weakness and altered levels of consciousness can occur in both conditions but are more prominent in encephalitis, which often presents with focal neurological deficits and seizures. The

Kernig sign, a classical sign of meningitis, is a physical examination finding that indicates irritation of the meninges and supports a diagnosis of bacterial meningitis when positive.

An elevated body temperature is common in bacterial meningitis, but it is not exclusive and can be observed in encephalitis as well.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Petechiae are small, red or purple spots on the skin that indicate bleeding under the skin and are a classic sign of thrombocytopenia, a condition characterized by a low platelet count.
B. A decreased white blood cell count is more indicative of leukopenia, not thrombocytopenia. Thrombocytopenia specifically affects platelet counts.
C. Increased fatigue can be a symptom of many conditions but is not specific to thrombocytopenia. It may occur due to anemia or other side effects of chemotherapy.
D. Unexplained bone pain is not a typical symptom of thrombocytopenia. It might be related to other conditions or side effects but is not specific to low platelet counts.

A. Bloating B. Postmenopausal vaginal bleeding C. Feeling full quickly after eating D. Unexplained recent weight gain

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

B. Postmenopausal vaginal bleeding is a common symptom of endometrial cancer. It is one of the most significant warning signs for this condition in older women, as it may indicate abnormal growth in the endometrial lining.
A. Bloating is more commonly associated with ovarian cancer and gastrointestinal issues rather than endometrial cancer specifically.
C. Feeling full quickly after eating is more indicative of ovarian cancer or other gastrointestinal problems.
D. Unexplained weight gain is not a typical primary symptom of endometrial cancer; it is less specific and can be associated with various other conditions.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client on the oncology unit is receiving a chemotherapy agent, and the nurse is aware that a significant side effect of this medication is thrombocytopenia. For which symptom should the nurse assess in clients at risk for thrombocytopenia?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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