A nurse is caring for a 30-year-old client who was brought to the emergency department (ED).
The nurse should determine the assessment findings are consistent with which of the following disease processes?
For each assessment finding, click to specify if the finding is consistent with bacterial meningitis or encephalitis. Each finding may support more than 1 disease process.
WBC count in CSF
Muscle weakness
Altered level of consciousness
Kernig sign result
Body temperature at 2105
The Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A,B"},"B":{"answers":"A,B"},"C":{"answers":"A,B"},"D":{"answers":"A"},"E":{"answers":"A,B"}}
A high white blood cell (WBC) count in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is more commonly associated with bacterial meningitis, characterized by a high neutrophil count, low glucose, and high protein levels. it is also seen in encephalitis and reflects the individual cell lines that are affected.
Muscle weakness and altered levels of consciousness can occur in both conditions but are more prominent in encephalitis, which often presents with focal neurological deficits and seizures. The
Kernig sign, a classical sign of meningitis, is a physical examination finding that indicates irritation of the meninges and supports a diagnosis of bacterial meningitis when positive.
An elevated body temperature is common in bacterial meningitis, but it is not exclusive and can be observed in encephalitis as well.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. DKA occurs due to a significant deficiency of insulin rather than issues with cell response to insulin. The condition leads to high blood glucose and ketone production because there is not enough insulin to regulate glucose levels effectively.
B. DKA is primarily associated with diabetes mellitus type 1, not type 2. It can occur due to a lack of insulin and is not solely caused by illness, although illness can exacerbate it.
C. DKA is not limited to clients with diabetes mellitus type 1 who experience septic shock. It can occur in anyone with type 1 diabetes due to severe insulin deficiency, though septic shock can complicate the condition.
D. DKA results from a complete absence of insulin, which is characteristic of poorly controlled or undiagnosed diabetes mellitus type 1. This insulin deficiency leads to elevated blood glucose levels and ketone formation.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Avoiding crowded places is a precaution related to general health and infection control but is not specifically linked to internal radiation therapy.
B. Avoiding fresh fruits and vegetables is not required for internal radiation therapy. Dietary restrictions are not typically necessary unless specified by the healthcare provider.
C. For internal radiation therapy, maintaining distance from others, typically around 6 feet, is important to minimize radiation exposure to others. This safety measure helps reduce the risk of radiation exposure to family members and visitors.
D. Radiation tattoo markings are used to ensure proper placement of the radiation source and should not be washed off. However, this precaution does not directly relate to safety around radiation exposure.
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