A nurse is caring for a 24-year-old female client in the emergency department (ED).
What is the most likely diagnosis for this client, based on the history, physical exam, and diagnostic results?
Acute appendicitis
Ectopic pregnancy
Ovarian cyst rupture
Acute gastritis
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale: Acute appendicitis is most likely based on the history of sudden onset of severe abdominal pain localized to the right lower quadrant, nausea, vomiting with green bile, and tenderness on physical examination. The ultrasound findings of right lower quadrant tenderness further support this diagnosis. The client's vital signs, including tachycardia and tachypnea, are consistent with the stress and pain caused by acute appendicitis.
Choice B rationale: Ectopic pregnancy is less likely as the client has a negative pregnancy test and reports regular menstrual cycles with her last period occurring one week ago. Additionally, her symptoms are more typical of appendicitis.
Choice C rationale: Ovarian cyst rupture would typically present with sudden onset of pelvic pain, often associated with menstrual irregularities or a history of ovarian cysts. However, the client's presentation and diagnostic results strongly point towards acute appendicitis.
Choice D rationale: Acute gastritis generally presents with epigastric pain, nausea, and vomiting. However, the localization of pain to the right lower quadrant and the ultrasound findings make appendicitis a more likely diagnosis in this case.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Lathering using a circular movement is an effective handwashing technique. This method ensures thorough coverage of all surfaces of the hands, including areas that are often missed, such as between the fingers and under the nails. The friction generated by the circular motions helps dislodge dirt, bacteria, and viruses from the skin. Proper lathering is a crucial step in reducing the microbial load on the hands and preventing the spread of infections.
Choice B rationale
Turning the water off using bare hands contaminates the hands after they have been washed. This action can reintroduce bacteria or viruses from the faucet handle back onto the clean hands, negating the benefits of handwashing. Proper hand hygiene protocol recommends using a paper towel or elbow to turn off the water to maintain the cleanliness achieved by washing. This step is critical in breaking the chain of infection transmission.
Choice C rationale
Washing hands for a total of 20 seconds is in line with the recommended guidelines from health organizations like the CDC. This duration is considered sufficient to effectively remove soil, dirt, and transient microorganisms from the skin. It allows enough time for the soap to act on contaminants and for mechanical action to dislodge them. Adhering to this time frame is an essential component of effective hand hygiene practices.
Choice D rationale
Holding hands below the elbows when rinsing ensures that water flows from the wrists down to the fingertips, effectively washing away soap and contaminants. This technique prevents recontamination of the hands by keeping the direction of water flow from the cleanest to the dirtiest areas. Proper rinsing is a key aspect of hand hygiene, ensuring that all soap residues, along with any remaining microorganisms, are thoroughly removed.
Correct Answer is ["0.75"]
Explanation
Step 1 is 0.1875 mg ÷ 0.25 mg/mL Step 2 is 0.75 mL Final answer: 0.75 mL.
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