A nurse is calculating the intake for a client who reports eating a 4 oz container of ice cream and drinking 8 oz of coffee. The nurse should document how many mL of fluid intake in the client's medical record? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

A. Provide a tour of the perioperative area prior to surgery: Familiarizing an adolescent with the surgical environment helps reduce anxiety, promotes understanding of the procedure, and encourages cooperation. A tour allows the client to see equipment, meet staff, and ask questions, which supports emotional preparation and informed consent.

B. Explain that anesthesia is a special type of sleep: Describing anesthesia as “sleep” can be misleading and may cause fear or misunderstanding about the procedure. Adolescents benefit from honest, age-appropriate explanations about anesthesia, including how it works and safety measures, rather than oversimplified analogies.

C. Wait until after surgery to explain the importance of coughing and deep breathing: Preoperative teaching about postoperative exercises, including coughing and deep breathing, helps prevent complications such as atelectasis and pneumonia. Delaying instruction reduces the client’s readiness and may decrease adherence after surgery.

D. Keep medical equipment out of the client's sight: While minimizing exposure to intimidating equipment can reduce anxiety for younger children, adolescents are generally better able to process information. Hiding equipment can increase fear of the unknown, whereas exposure during a tour helps normalize the environment and improve coping.

A. Poor feeding: Newborns experiencing neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) often have neurologic irritability and gastrointestinal dysfunction caused by withdrawal from in utero exposure to opioids or other substances. Poor feeding, along with vomiting, diarrhea, and excessive sucking, is a common manifestation.

B. Weak cry: Infants with NAS typically have a high-pitched, shrill, or incessant cry due to central nervous system hyperactivity. A weak or soft cry is not characteristic and may suggest other neurologic conditions rather than withdrawal.

C. Hypotonia: NAS usually presents with hypertonia, jitteriness, and tremors. Hypotonia is not a typical finding; decreased muscle tone may indicate a different neurologic or metabolic disorder.

D. Absent Moro reflex: The Moro reflex is generally intact or exaggerated in infants with NAS because of increased neuromuscular irritability. An absent reflex is more consistent with severe neurologic impairment rather than substance withdrawal.