A nurse is auscultating the aortic area and knows it is in which of the following areas:

2nd intercostal space right of the sternal border

5th intercostal space medial to mid-clavicular line

2nd intercostal space left of the sternal border.

4-5th intercostal space left of the sternal border.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   2nd intercostal space right of the sternal border is the correct location for auscultating the aortic valve.
B.   5th intercostal space medial to the mid-clavicular line is the location for the mitral valve.
C.   2nd intercostal space left of the sternal border is the location for auscultating the pulmonic valve.
D.   4-5th intercostal space left of the sternal border is where the tricuspid valve is auscultated.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Asthma exacerbation typically causes wheezing or bronchospasm and would not usually cause decreased breath sounds in one lung.
B. Pulmonary embolism may cause breathlessness or decreased oxygen levels, but it wouldn't typically cause unilateral decreased breath sounds.
C. Pneumothorax is the most likely cause, as air in the pleural space can collapse the lung, leading to decreased or absent breath sounds on the affected side.
D. Pulmonary edema typically causes bilateral crackles and would not cause unilateral decreased breath sounds.

A. Timing B. Radiation C. Fremitus D. Egophony E. Location

Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]

Explanation

A. The timing of the murmur (systolic or diastolic) is an essential component of murmur assessment. It
helps in determining the cause of the murmur, whether it’s related to heart valves or flow.
B. Radiation refers to where the murmur can be heard best, or if it radiates to other parts of the chest or neck, helping to indicate the origin of the murmur.
C. Fremitus is a term used to describe the vibrations felt on the chest wall when a person speaks, which is unrelated to heart murmurs.
D. Egophony refers to an abnormal lung sound heard during auscultation and is not relevant to the assessment of a heart murmur.
E. The location where the murmur is heard best on the chest wall is crucial in determining its origin, such as whether it is coming from the aortic or mitral valve.

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A nurse is auscultating the aortic area and knows it is in which of the following areas:

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