A nurse is auscultating the aortic area and knows it is in which of the following areas:

2nd intercostal space right of the sternal border

5th intercostal space medial to mid-clavicular line

2nd intercostal space left of the sternal border.

4-5th intercostal space left of the sternal border.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   2nd intercostal space right of the sternal border is the correct location for auscultating the aortic valve.
B.   5th intercostal space medial to the mid-clavicular line is the location for the mitral valve.
C.   2nd intercostal space left of the sternal border is the location for auscultating the pulmonic valve.
D.   4-5th intercostal space left of the sternal border is where the tricuspid valve is auscultated.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Peripheral vascular disease involves issues with blood flow to the extremities but does not typically present with jugular vein distension or a gallop heart sound.
B. Fluid and electrolyte disturbances may affect heart rhythm and fluid balance but are less likely to present with these specific findings.
C. Heart failure is the most likely cause, as jugular vein distension and a third heart sound (S3 gallop) are common signs of heart failure, particularly when the heart cannot effectively pump blood.
D. Atrial-septal defect may cause heart murmurs or irregular rhythms but is not typically associated with jugular vein distension or an S3 gallop.

A. Exophthalmos B. Coarse facial features C. Bowed long bones D. Acorn-shaped cranium

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Exophthalmos, or bulging eyes, is associated with hyperthyroidism (such as in Graves' disease), not acromegaly.
B. This is a hallmark sign of acromegaly. People with acromegaly often develop coarse, enlarged facial features (e.g., thickened lips, enlarged nose, protruding jaw, and enlarged tongue), which occur due to excess growth hormone.
C. While acromegaly can cause abnormal bone growth, especially in the hands and feet, it does not typically result in bowed long bones. This would be more suggestive of conditions like rickets or osteomalacia.
D. While acromegaly can lead to changes in the skull, it does not typically result in a distinctly acorn- shaped cranium. This is not a primary diagnostic feature of acromegaly.

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A nurse is auscultating the aortic area and knows it is in which of the following areas:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

During a cardiac assessment of a client you observed jugular vein distension, and auscultated $3 gallop heart sound. These findings most likely suggest which of the following conditions?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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