A nurse is assisting with planning care for a client who has a new diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Which of the interventions should the nurse recommend?

Recommend frequent hot baths.

Encourage the client to restrict performing range-of-motion exercises.

Monitor the client's ability to perform ADLS.

Initiate contact precautions.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Recommend frequent hot baths: Hot baths can exacerbate symptoms in clients with multiple sclerosis by increasing fatigue and worsening muscle weakness due to a rise in core body temperature. Clients are usually advised to avoid overheating and use cooling strategies instead to manage their symptoms.

B. Encourage the client to restrict performing range-of-motion exercises: Range-of-motion exercises are important in maintaining joint flexibility, muscle strength, and overall mobility. Restricting these exercises could lead to increased stiffness, weakness, and decreased functional ability in clients with multiple sclerosis.

C. Monitor the client's ability to perform ADLs: Monitoring the client's ability to perform activities of daily living is essential because multiple sclerosis often leads to progressive physical limitations. Regular assessment helps in planning appropriate interventions, promoting independence, and adjusting care as the disease progresses.

D. Initiate contact precautions: Contact precautions are not necessary for clients with multiple sclerosis because it is not an infectious disease. Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune, neurodegenerative condition that requires supportive care rather than infection control measures.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "Your baby needs to suck on a pacifier.": While non-nutritive sucking on a pacifier can sometimes soothe a fussy baby, it is not the first recommendation, especially for a newborn who is establishing breastfeeding. Early introduction of pacifiers can interfere with successful breastfeeding due to nipple confusion.

B. "Breastfed babies are usually fussy from swallowing too much air during feedings.": Although some air swallowing can occur, especially if the latch is poor, this is not typically the primary reason for persistent crying. Addressing crying with soothing techniques like swaddling is a more immediate and supportive intervention for the parent.

C. "Swaddling your baby snugly in a blanket might help soothe her.": Swaddling provides warmth, security, and a sense of being back in the womb, which can calm a newborn effectively. It reduces the startle reflex and helps regulate the baby's nervous system, often resulting in decreased crying and improved comfort.

D. "Breastfed babies often need to be supplemented with formula.": Routine supplementation with formula is not recommended for healthy breastfed newborns unless there are clear medical indications. Promoting exclusive breastfeeding supports optimal nutrition, bonding, and gut health in the early postpartum period.

A. Hypertension B. Muscle cramps C. Blurred vision D. Constipation

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Hypertension: Hyponatremia typically leads to hypotension due to fluid shifts out of the vascular space rather than hypertension, especially if it is associated with hypovolemia. Low sodium levels can reduce blood volume and pressure, making hypertension an unlikely finding in this condition.

B. Muscle cramps: Muscle cramps are a common symptom of hyponatremia due to disrupted electrolyte balance affecting neuromuscular function. Low sodium levels impair muscle contraction and nerve signal transmission, leading to cramps, weakness, and fatigue.

C. Blurred vision: Blurred vision is not a typical manifestation of hyponatremia. While severe hyponatremia can cause neurological symptoms like confusion or seizures, visual disturbances like blurred vision are not primary signs linked to sodium imbalance.

D. Constipation: Constipation is more often associated with dehydration, immobility, or other electrolyte imbalances such as hypercalcemia. Hyponatremia primarily affects neuromuscular and central nervous system function rather than gastrointestinal motility.

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A nurse is assisting with planning care for a client who has a new diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Which of the interventions should the nurse recommend?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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