A nurse is assigning tasks to an assistive personnel (AP). Which of the following tasks should the nurse assign to the AP?

Change a dressing on an implanted central venous access device.

Suction a new tracheostomy.

Perform postmortem care.

Remove an NG tube.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Rationale:

A. Change a dressing on an implanted central venous access device: This is a sterile procedure that requires assessment skills and knowledge of infection control. It must be performed by a licensed nurse, not an assistive personnel (AP).

B. Suction a new tracheostomy: Suctioning a new tracheostomy is a high-risk procedure requiring specialized knowledge to prevent hypoxia or trauma. Only a licensed nurse should perform this intervention.

C. Perform postmortem care: Postmortem care is within the scope of practice for an AP. It involves cleansing, positioning, and preparing the body for the family or mortuary, and does not require advanced clinical judgment or sterile technique.

D. Remove an NG tube: Removal of a nasogastric tube requires assessment and understanding of client tolerance and potential complications, which are responsibilities of a licensed nurse. It is not appropriate to delegate this task to an AP.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Rationale:

A. "Plan to take this medication with food.": Taking phenytoin with food can help reduce gastrointestinal irritation, such as nausea and upset stomach, which is a common side effect. Consistent administration with meals improves tolerability while maintaining therapeutic drug levels.

B. "Limit foods that contain folic acid while taking this medication.": Phenytoin can actually decrease folic acid absorption, and limiting folic acid intake could worsen potential deficiencies. Instead, monitoring and possibly supplementing folic acid may be recommended. Advising restriction could be harmful.

C. "Limit foods that contain vitamin D while taking this medication.": Phenytoin can reduce vitamin D metabolism, which may increase the risk of bone loss and fractures. Limiting vitamin D intake is not advised; rather, ensuring adequate vitamin D and calcium intake is important for older adults to maintain bone health.

D. "Plan to take this medication with antacids.": Antacids can interfere with the absorption of phenytoin, reducing its effectiveness. Taking phenytoin with antacids is contraindicated, and spacing the timing between antacids and phenytoin is necessary to maintain therapeutic levels.

A. A newborn who has forceful vomiting with feedings B. A newborn who has a heart rate of 160/min while crying C. A newborn who is 24 hr of age and has blood-tinged vaginal discharge D. A newborn who is 12 hr of age and has not voided

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Rationale:

A. A newborn who has forceful vomiting with feedings: Forceful vomiting in a newborn may indicate pyloric stenosis, gastrointestinal obstruction, or other serious conditions that can quickly lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. This is an urgent finding requiring immediate assessment to prevent rapid deterioration.

B. A newborn who has a heart rate of 160/min while crying: A heart rate of 160/min is within the expected range for a newborn (120–160/min) during activity or crying. While monitoring is necessary, this finding is not immediately concerning and does not require urgent intervention.

C. A newborn who is 24 hr of age and has blood-tinged vaginal discharge: A small amount of blood-tinged vaginal discharge (pseudomenstruation) is a normal hormonal response in female newborns due to maternal estrogen withdrawal. This is an expected finding and does not require urgent assessment.

D. A newborn who is 12 hr of age and has not voided: While monitoring urinary output is important, a newborn may normally not void within the first 12 hours of life. Assessment is needed, but it is not as urgent as forceful vomiting, which can quickly cause serious complications.

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A nurse is assigning tasks to an assistive personnel (AP). Which of the following tasks should the nurse assign to the AP?

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