A nurse is assessing an adolescent client who has anorexia nervosa. Which of the following client statements is a sign of cognitive distortion?
"I really need to get into shape."
"If I eat one piece of candy, I may as well eat ten."
"I can't afford to gain weight."
"I like to cut my food into small pieces."
The Correct Answer is B
A. It reflects a desire to improve physical fitness, which is a common and generally positive goal. However, if this statement were accompanied by an excessive focus on weight loss or extreme measures to achieve fitness, it could indicate a problem, but on its own, this statement is not clearly indicative of cognitive distortion.
B. It reflects "all-or-nothing thinking," a common cognitive distortion in eating disorders. This pattern of thinking involves seeing things in black and white, where a small lapse in diet is perceived as a complete failure, leading to excessive and irrational behavior, such as consuming more than intended.
C. It shows a strong fear of gaining weight, which is typical in anorexia nervosa. However, it is more a sign of extreme concern about body image rather than a specific cognitive distortion pattern. Cognitive distortions often involve faulty logic or irrational beliefs, and this statement is more about an emotional response to weight gain.
D. Cutting food into small pieces can be a behavioral characteristic or ritual for someone with anorexia nervosa, but it does not necessarily reflect a cognitive distortion on its own. It might be a way to control portions or prolong the eating process, but it is not a direct example of distorted thinking.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. While staying hydrated is important for overall health and can help with urinary tract infections, the recommended fluid intake for clients on ciprofloxacin is not specifically 1,000 milliliters. The more general advice is to drink plenty of fluids to help flush out bacteria from the urinary tract. The nurse should emphasize the importance of hydration but not specify a particular amount like 1,000 milliliters unless otherwise directed.
B. Ciprofloxacin should not be taken with antacids that contain calcium, magnesium, or aluminum because these can interfere with the absorption of the medication, reducing its effectiveness. Antacids should be taken at least 2 hours before or 6 hours after taking ciprofloxacin to avoid interactions.
C. Ciprofloxacin does not typically cause urine to turn dark orange. This side effect is more commonly associated with other medications, such as rifampin. The nurse should not expect ciprofloxacin to change the color of urine and should clarify any specific effects related to the medication.
D. Ciprofloxacin and other fluoroquinolones are associated with an increased risk of tendonitis and tendon rupture, particularly in the Achilles tendon. The nurse should instruct the client to report any new or worsening tendon pain, swelling, or discomfort immediately.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Chicken broth is a clear liquid and would be appropriate for a clear liquid diet. However, it is not suitable for a full liquid diet because it is a clear liquid and does not represent the expanded options available on a full liquid diet.
B. Cranberry juice is a clear liquid and is appropriate for a clear liquid diet but is not typically included in the full liquid diet. While it is acceptable for hydration, it does not provide the more substantial nutrition options available in a full liquid diet.
C. Flavored gelatin is part of the clear liquid diet but is also compatible with the full liquid diet. It is liquid at room temperature and does not contain solid particles, making it an acceptable option for a full liquid diet.
D. Skim milk is considered a full liquid as it is liquid at room temperature and provides additional nutrients like protein and calcium that are beneficial for recovery. It is a suitable addition when progressing from a clear liquid diet to a full liquid diet.
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