A nurse is assessing a client who has muscarinic agonist poisoning. Following administration of atropine, which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the treatment has been effective?
Hyperactive bowel sounds
Heart rate 90/min
Blood pressure 90/50 mm Hg
Increased salivation
The Correct Answer is B
A. Hyperactive bowel sounds: Muscarinic agonist poisoning typically results in increased gastrointestinal motility and hyperactive bowel sounds. Atropine, an anticholinergic medication, works by blocking muscarinic receptors and reducing gastrointestinal motility. Therefore, the presence of hyperactive bowel sounds may indicate ongoing muscarinic stimulation and inadequate treatment with atropine.
B. Heart rate 90/min: Atropine is an anticholinergic medication that increases heart rate by blocking the parasympathetic effects of acetylcholine on the heart. Bradycardia is a common manifestation of muscarinic agonist poisoning, and an increase in heart rate following atropine administration indicates reversal of this effect and effective treatment.
C. Blood pressure 90/50 mm Hg: Atropine administration may result in transient hypertension due to its effect on increasing heart rate and cardiac output. Hypotension is a common
manifestation of muscarinic agonist poisoning, and an increase in blood pressure following atropine administration may indicate improvement in cardiovascular function. Therefore, a blood pressure of 90/50 mm Hg may not necessarily indicate effective treatment with atropine.
D. Increased salivation: Muscarinic agonist poisoning typically results in excessive salivation (sialorrhea) due to stimulation of muscarinic receptors in the salivary glands. Atropine administration works by blocking these muscarinic receptors and reducing salivation. Therefore, increased salivation would indicate ongoing muscarinic stimulation and inadequate treatment with atropine.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "You may crush the medication and mix it with applesauce": Lovastatin extended-release tablets should not be crushed or chewed as it may alter the drug's release profile, leading to
potential adverse effects or reduced efficacy. Therefore, this statement is incorrect and should not be included in the teaching.
B. "You will need liver function tests before beginning therapy": Lovastatin is a statin
medication used to lower cholesterol levels. Liver function tests (LFTs) are necessary before starting statin therapy and periodically during treatment to monitor for potential hepatotoxicity.
C. "Avoid consuming dairy products while taking this medication": Lovastatin can be taken with or without food, and there is no specific requirement to avoid dairy products. This statement is not relevant to lovastatin therapy and should not be included in the teaching.
D. "You should take the medication in the morning": Lovastatin can be taken at any time of the day, with or without food. There is no specific requirement to take it in the morning. Therefore, this statement is incorrect and should not be included in the teaching.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Laryngospasm: Laryngospasm is not a commonly associated adverse effect of alteplase administration. It is more commonly associated with airway irritants or allergic reactions.
B. Polycythemia: Polycythemia, or an abnormally high red blood cell count, is not a typical adverse effect of alteplase administration. Alteplase is a thrombolytic agent used to dissolve blood clots and is not associated with increasing red blood cell production.
C. Hemorrhage: Hemorrhage, or bleeding, is the most significant adverse effect associated with alteplase administration. Alteplase works by promoting fibrinolysis and can increase the risk of bleeding, including intracranial hemorrhage, particularly in the context of thrombolytic therapy for stroke.
D. Steatorrhea: Steatorrhea, or fatty stools, is not a commonly associated adverse effect of alteplase administration. It is more commonly associated with malabsorption disorders or pancreatic insufficiency.
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