A nurse is caring for a client who is taking lithium and reports starting a new exercise program. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following electrolyte imbalances?
Hypomagnesemia
Hypocalcemia
Hyponatremia
Hypokalemia
The Correct Answer is C
A. Hypomagnesemia: While lithium can affect magnesium levels, starting a new exercise program is not typically associated with hypomagnesemia. Hypomagnesemia may result in muscle weakness, tremors, and cardiac dysrhythmias.
B. Hypocalcemia: Starting a new exercise program is not typically associated with hypocalcemia. Hypocalcemia may present with muscle cramps, tetany, and seizures.
C. Hyponatremia: Starting a new exercise program may lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, including hyponatremia (low sodium levels). This can have profound effects on patients taking lithium. Symptoms of hyponatremia include weakness, confusion, and seizures.
D. Hypokalemia is not a common occurrence among individuals doing exercise.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. An increased heart rate can be a sign of dehydration and would not indicate that IV fluid replacement has been effective.
B. Excessive thirst is a symptom of dehydration and would not indicate that IV fluid replacement has been effective.
C. Moist oral mucous membranes indicate improved hydration status and are a positive response to IV fluid replacement.
D. Decreased blood pressure is a sign of dehydration and would not indicate that IV fluid replacement has been effective.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Increase in serum sodium: Desmopressin, a synthetic form of vasopressin, works to decrease urine output and increase water reabsorption in the kidneys. Therefore, a therapeutic response to desmopressin would not result in an increase in serum sodium; rather, it would aim to normalize serum sodium levels by reducing excessive urine output.
B. Decrease in urine output: The primary therapeutic goal of desmopressin in the treatment of diabetes insipidus is to decrease urine output by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys. Therefore, a decrease in urine output would indicate a positive response to the medication.
C. Increase in heart rate: Desmopressin primarily affects kidney function by increasing water reabsorption and does not typically have a direct effect on heart rate. Therefore, an increase in heart rate would not be a manifestation of a therapeutic response to desmopressin.
D. Decrease in blood pressure: Desmopressin works to increase water reabsorption in the kidneys and does not typically cause significant changes in blood pressure. Therefore, a decrease in blood pressure would not be a manifestation of a therapeutic response to desmopressin.
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