A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes mellitus type 2 and presents for a follow-up visit. Which of the following lab values is most indicative of inadequate control of their diabetes since their last primary care visit and requires further teaching?

HbA1c level of 7.5% (nl. 4.4-6.4%)

2-hour post-prandial blood glucose level of 122 mg/dL (nl. <120 mg/dL)

Random blood glucose level of 300 mg/dL (nl. <200 mg/dL)

Fasting blood glucose level of 48 mg/dL (nl. 60-110 mg/dL)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. An HbA1c level of 7.5% indicates suboptimal long-term glucose control. The target for many diabetic patients is usually below 7%, but it may not require immediate action compared to more acute indicators.
B. A 2-hour post-prandial blood glucose level of 122 mg/dL is slightly above the normal range but not significantly high. This result alone is not as indicative of inadequate control as other values.
C. A random blood glucose level of 300 mg/dL is significantly elevated and indicates poor glucose control. This value is much higher than the normal range and suggests a need for further teaching and adjustment of diabetes management.
D. A fasting blood glucose level of 48 mg/dL is low and could indicate hypoglycemia rather than inadequate control. This level requires immediate attention but does not reflect poor long-term diabetes management.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Darkening the room can help reduce light sensitivity, but it does not address the underlying cause of the headache.
B. Increasing fluid intake is effective in managing a headache after a lumbar puncture because it helps replenish cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and reduces the risk of post-lumbar puncture headache, which often results from CSF leakage.
C. Naproxen sodium can provide relief for headache pain, but increasing fluid intake addresses the root cause of the headache more directly.
D. Elevating the head of the bed is generally recommended for certain conditions, but it is not the most effective strategy for addressing a post-lumbar puncture headache, which is better managed by increasing fluid intake.

A. Bloating B. Postmenopausal vaginal bleeding C. Feeling full quickly after eating D. Unexplained recent weight gain

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

B. Postmenopausal vaginal bleeding is a common symptom of endometrial cancer. It is one of the most significant warning signs for this condition in older women, as it may indicate abnormal growth in the endometrial lining.
A. Bloating is more commonly associated with ovarian cancer and gastrointestinal issues rather than endometrial cancer specifically.
C. Feeling full quickly after eating is more indicative of ovarian cancer or other gastrointestinal problems.
D. Unexplained weight gain is not a typical primary symptom of endometrial cancer; it is less specific and can be associated with various other conditions.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes mellitus type 2 and presents for a follow-up visit. Which of the following lab values is most indicative of inadequate control of their diabetes since their last primary care visit and requires further teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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