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A nurse is admitting a client who has pneumonia. The nurse should initiate which of the following isolation precautions for the client?

Droplet

Airborne

Contact

Protective environment

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Droplet.

The rationale for each choice is as follows:

A. Droplet: Correct. Pneumonia is transmitted by respiratory droplets that are generated by coughing, sneezing, or talking. The nurse should wear a surgical mask and eye protection when caring for the client and maintain a distance of at least 3 feet from the client.
B. Airborne: Incorrect. Airborne precautions are used for diseases that are transmitted by small particles that remain suspended in the air for long periods of time, such as tuberculosis, measles, or chickenpox. The nurse should wear a respirator and place the client in a negative-pressure room.
C. Contact: Incorrect. Contact precautions are used for diseases that are transmitted by direct or indirect contact with the client or the client's environment, such as Clostridium difficile, scabies, or MRSA. The nurse should wear gloves and a gown and use dedicated equipment for the client.
D. Protective environment: Incorrect. Protective environment precautions are used for clients who are immunocompromised and at risk of infection from others, such as clients who have had a stem cell transplant or are receiving chemotherapy. The nurse should wear a mask, gloves, and a gown and place the client in a positive-pressure room with HEPA filtration.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

- A. Incorrect. The nurse should assess the client's IV site every hour to prevent infection and phlebitis.

- B. Incorrect. The nurse should check the client's WBC count every day to monitor for signs of infection or bone marrow suppression.

- C. Correct. The nurse should monitor the client's mouth every 8 hr for signs of oral candidiasis, which is a common fungal infection in immunosuppressed clients.\

- D. Incorrect. The nurse should change the client's IV tubing every 24 hr to reduce the risk of bacterial contamination.

A. Calories B. Protein C. Potassium D. Fiber

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

- A. Calories is incorrect. Clients with Crohn's disease and enteroenteric fistula need adequate calories to prevent malnutrition and weight loss due to inflammation, malabsorption, and increased metabolic rate.

- B. Protein is incorrect. Clients with Crohn's disease and enteroenteric fistula need adequate protein to promote tissue healing and prevent protein-losing enteropathy.

- C. Potassium is incorrect. Clients with Crohn's disease and enteroenteric fistula are at risk of hypokalemia due to diarrhea, vomiting, and fistula drainage. They need to increase their potassium intake to prevent electrolyte imbalance and cardiac complications.

- D. Fiber is correct. Clients with Crohn's disease and enteroenteric fistula should decrease their fiber intake to reduce intestinal motility, bulk, and gas production, which can worsen the inflammation and fistula formation.

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A nurse is admitting a client who has pneumonia. The nurse should initiate which of the following isolation precautions for the client?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has immunosuppression and a continuous IV infusion. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to teach about dietary management to a client who has Crohn's disease and an enteroenteric fistula. Which of the following nutrients should the nurse instruct the client to decrease in their diet?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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