A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who had a seizure and became unresponsive after stating they had a sudden, severe headache. The client's vital signs are as follows: blood pressure of 198/110 mm Hg, pulse of 82/min, respirations of 24/min, and a temperature of 38.2° C (100.8° F). Which of the following neurological disorders should the nurse suspect?

Embolic stroke

Thrombotic stroke

Transient ischemic attack (TIA)

Hemorrhagic stroke

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A. An embolic stroke is caused by an embolus, often a blood clot, that travels to the brain from another part of the body. It does not typically present with a sudden, severe headache.

Choice B. A thrombotic stroke occurs when a blood clot forms inside one of the brain's arteries. While it can cause a headache, it is not usually characterized by a sudden, severe headache.

Choice C. A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is often called a mini-stroke and symptoms are temporary. A sudden, severe headache is more indicative of a hemorrhagic stroke.

Choice D. A hemorrhagic stroke, which involves bleeding within the brain, is most likely to cause a sudden, severe headache, and can lead to seizures and changes in consciousness.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E","F"]

Explanation

Choice A reason:Profuse vomiting with a fecal odor can occur in large bowel obstructions due to the backward flow of bowel contents.

Choice B reason:Epigastric abdominal distention is a common finding in bowel obstructions due to the accumulation of gas and fluids.

Choice C reason:Intermittent abdominal cramping results from the bowel's attempt to push contents through the obstructed area.

Choice D reason:Ribbon-like stools or diarrhea may occur if there is a partial obstruction allowing some contents to pass.

Choice E reason:Metabolic acidosis can develop due to the accumulation of lactic acid from tissue hypoxia and decreased perfusion.

Choice F reason:Severe fluid and electrolyte imbalance can result from vomiting and the inability to absorb fluids and nutrients properly.

A. A client who works in a child care center B. A client who eats raw shellfish C. A client who has multiple tattoos D. A client who has recently traveled to an underdeveloped country

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: A client who works in a child care center is not typically at risk for hepatitis C unless they are exposed to blood or bodily fluids from an infected individual. Hepatitis C is primarily spread through blood-to-blood contact. While working in a child care center may increase the risk of exposure to various infections due to close contact with children, it is not a common route of transmission for hepatitis C.

Choice B reason: Eating raw shellfish is more commonly associated with hepatitis A and E, which are transmitted through the fecal-oral route, often due to contaminated food or water. Hepatitis C, however, is not typically transmitted through food or water. It is a bloodborne virus, and thus, eating raw shellfish would not be considered a high-risk activity for contracting hepatitis C.

Choice C reason: A client who has multiple tattoos is at risk for developing hepatitis C, particularly if the tattoos were done using non-sterile equipment or in an unregulated setting. The hepatitis C virus can be transmitted through the use of contaminated needles, which can occur in tattoo parlors that do not adhere to strict hygiene and sterilization practices. This is why choice C is the correct answer. While all the options presented could potentially involve some risk of infection, it is the client with multiple tattoos who is most at risk for hepatitis C, assuming the tattoos were obtained in a setting where infection control practices were not followed. It’s important for healthcare providers to assess each client’s individual risk factors and educate them on the ways to prevent hepatitis C, such as ensuring the use of sterile needles for tattoos and piercings.

Choice D reason: Traveling to an underdeveloped country may increase the risk of various infectious diseases, but hepatitis C is not commonly spread through casual contact or environmental factors. It requires blood-to-blood contact for transmission. Therefore, unless the client engaged in activities that involved such exposure, like receiving medical or dental procedures with non-sterile equipment, simply traveling to an underdeveloped country does not significantly increase the risk of contracting hepatitis C.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client presents with a possible bowel obstruction, and the nurse completes a detailed abdominal assessment. Which of the following clinical manifestations are consistent with a large bowel obstruction? (Select all that apply).

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E","F"]

Explanation

A nurse is assessing clients in a health clinic for risk factors for contracting hepatitis. Which of the following clients is at risk for developing hepatitis C?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is reviewing the record of a client with a diagnosis of cirrhosis and notes that there is documentation of the presence of asterixis. How should the nurse assess for asterixis?

A nurse is monitoring an older adult female client who had a myocardial infarction (MI) for the development of an acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following findings indicate an increased risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)?

A student nurse asks the RN about the clinical manifestations of a thoracic aortic aneurysm. Which of the following findings should the nurse discuss? (Select all that apply).

A client arrives at the emergency room with symptoms of peptic ulcer disease. Which of these symptoms should the nurse identify as the priority?

A nurse is caring for a client during his first hemodialysis treatment. The client reports a headache, nausea, and is agitated. Which of the following complications should the nurse identify these findings as manifestations of?

A nurse is caring for a client who had a stroke and has dysphagia. For which of the following complications should the nurse monitor the client?

A nurse is caring for a client who has a T-4 spinal cord injury. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a potential cause for autonomic dysreflexia?