A nurse in the emergency department is admitting a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis and a blood glucose level of 800 mg/dL.
Which of the following interventions should the nurse initiate first?
Subcutaneous insulin injections.
Bicarbonate by IV infusion.
0.9% sodium chloride 15 m/kg/hr.
Potassium chloride 10 mEq/hr.
The Correct Answer is C
The first intervention for a client with diabetic ketoacidosis and a blood glucose level of 800 mg/dL should be to initiate fluid replacement therapy with 0.9% sodium chloride at a rate of 15 mL/kg/hr.
This will help to replace fluids lost through excessive urination and to dilute the excess sugar in the blood.
Choice A is wrong because subcutaneous insulin injections are not the first intervention for diabetic ketoacidosis.
Insulin therapy is generally given intravenously.
Choice B is wrong because bicarbonate by IV infusion is not the first intervention for diabetic ketoacidosis.
Choice D is wrong because potassium chloride at a rate of 10 mEq/hr is not the first intervention for diabetic ketoacidosis.
Electrolyte replacement may be necessary to replace minerals such as sodium, potassium, and chloride, but this is not the first intervention 2.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
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Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Discard the vial of medication if the solution is cloudy.
This is because epoetin alfa should not be used if it has been frozen or if it has changed color or has particles in it.
Choice B is wrong because the vial should not be shaken before use.
Choice C is wrong because epoetin alfa should not be diluted with sterile water or any other liquid.
Choice D is wrong because epoetin alfa should not be frozen and therefore does not need to be thawed before administration.
Correct Answer is B
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Opioids such as morphine are used to relieve moderate to severe pain in cancer patients.
Choice A is wrong because ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that may be used to relieve mild pain, not moderate pain.
Choice C is wrong because acetaminophen may be used to relieve mild pain, not moderate pain.
Choice D is wrong because aspirin is an NSAID that may be used to relieve mild pain, not moderate pain.
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