A nurse in the emergency department admits a client who has been exposed to cutaneous anthrax. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Prepare to administer antibiotics to the client.

Wear an N95 respirator mask while caring for the client.

Plan to administer an antiviral medication to the client.

Place a surgical mask on the client during transfer to the unit.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   Cutaneous anthrax is typically treated with antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, or penicillin, making preparation to administer antibiotics the appropriate action.
B.   While respiratory precautions might be necessary in cases of inhalational anthrax, cutaneous anthrax does not typically require the use of an N95 respirator mask.
C.   Antiviral medications are not the standard treatment for cutaneous anthrax; antibiotics are the primary treatment.
D.   Placing a surgical mask on the client during transfer might not be necessary for cutaneous anthrax exposure, as the mode of transmission is not through respiratory droplets.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Contacting the nurse manager allows for immediate notification of the incident to someone in authority who can initiate appropriate follow-up and investigation.
B. Involving risk management might be necessary but should come after informing the immediate supervisor or manager.
C. Reassuring the client, while important, should not be the primary action; addressing the issue and initiating appropriate steps should take precedence.
D. Documenting the incident report in the client's chart is important but should follow the immediate notification of the supervisor or manager.

A. "I will instruct visitors to wear a mask when visiting a client who is on contact precautions." B. "I will place a client who has compromised immunity in a negative-pressure airflow room." C. "I will have a client who is on airborne precautions wear a mask when out of her room." D. "I will wear an N95 respirator mask when caring for a client who is on droplet precautions"

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Contact precautions typically involve wearing gloves and a gown to prevent the spread of infectious agents through direct contact. Masks are not generally required for visitors unless the client is also on droplet or airborne precautions. Therefore, this statement reflects a misunderstanding of the specific requirements for contact precautions.
B.A client with compromised immunity should be placed in a positive-pressure airflow room, not a negative-pressure room. Positive-pressure rooms help prevent outside contaminants from entering the room, thereby protecting the immunocompromised client.
C. Clients on airborne precautions (e.g., for tuberculosis, varicella, or measles) should wear a mask if they need to leave their room to prevent the spread of airborne pathogens to others. This helps to contain infectious particles and protect others from exposure.
D. An N95 respirator mask is required for airborne precautions, not droplet precautions. For droplet precautions (e.g., for influenza, pertussis), a standard surgical mask is sufficient to protect against respiratory droplets.

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A nurse in the emergency department admits a client who has been exposed to cutaneous anthrax. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

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