A nurse in a provider's office is caring for a 1-year-old toddler.
The child is at risk for developing
Drag words from the choices below to fill in each blank in the following sentence.
The Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"C","dropdown-group-2":"A"}
A. Nephrotic syndrome typically presents with edema, proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperlipidemia, rather than the symptoms described in the scenario.
B. Renal scarring can occur as a complication of untreated or recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs), particularly pyelonephritis. The presence of fever and lethargy in the child, along with the history of decreased appetite, raises concerns for a urinary tract infection that could lead to renal scarring if left untreated.
C. Polycystic kidney disease typically presents later in life and is not typically associated with acute febrile illness in a 1-year-old toddler.
D. While acute glomerulonephritis can occur following certain infections such as streptococcal infections, it is less commonly associated with fever and lethargy compared to pyelonephritis.
E. Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection of the kidneys commonly associated with fever and lethargy, especially in young children. The fever and lethargy reported by the parent, along with the urine sample obtained, suggest a concern for pyelonephritis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Missing front deciduous teeth are a common occurrence during childhood and are not necessarily indicative of physical abuse.
B. Weight in the 45th percentile is within the normal range for a 7-year-old and does not indicate physical abuse.
C. Bruising around the wrists can be a sign of physical abuse, especially if it appears in patterns consistent with being restrained.
D. Abrasions on the knees are common in children who are active and are not necessarily indicative of physical abuse.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Given the cloudy appearance of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and elevated white blood cell count (WBC) in the CSF, there may be an indication of meningitis.
Ceftriaxone is a broad-spectrum antibiotic commonly used to treat bacterial meningitis. Therefore, administering ceftriaxone would be an appropriate action.
B. While vaccines are important for preventing infections, administering the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine is not the immediate priority in this scenario. The patient is already exhibiting signs of a potential infection, and treatment should focus on addressing the current condition first.
C. The infant's serum glucose level is low at 64 mg/dL (normal range: 60 to 100 mg/dL).
However, the primary concern at this moment appears to be the potential bacterial meningitis indicated by the cloudy CSF, elevated WBC count, and abnormal CSF glucose level. While monitoring serum glucose is important, it is not the most critical action in this case.
D. Neutropenic precautions are typically implemented to protect patients with low neutrophil counts (neutropenia) from acquiring infections. However, there is no indication of neutropenia in the provided diagnostic results. Additionally, the cloudy CSF and elevated WBC count suggest a possible bacterial infection rather than a neutropenic condition.
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