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Nurse's Notes

0930:

• Client reports 2-day history of urinary frequency, burning on urination, and lower back and suprapubic pain. States developed a fever of 39.3°C (102.8°F) this morning.
• Oriented x-4, answers questions appropriately.
• S1, S2, on auscultation. Lungs clear on auscultation.
• Bowel sounds x 4 quadrants active, denies nausea or vomiting.

0945:

• Request client provide clean-catch urinary specimen for testing.
• Urinalysis results reviewed.

Vital Signs 0930:

• Temperature: 39.3°C (102.8°F)
• Heart rate: 113/min
• Respiratory rate: 24/min
• Blood pressure: 122/68 mm Hg
• Oxygen saturation: 96% on room air

Diagnostic Results 1030:

Urinalysis

• Appearance: Cloudy
• Color: Amber yellow
• Odor: Aromatic
• pH: 8.0 (Reference: 4.6 to 8.0)
• Protein: 6.5 mg/dL (Reference: 0 to 8 mg/dL)
• Specific gravity: 1.035 (Reference: 1.005 to 1.030)
• Leukocyte esterase: Positive
• Nitrites: Present
• Ketones: None
• Bilirubin: None

Choice A reason:
The cephalic vein on the back of the right hand is incorrect because it might still involve the same arm as the mastectomy site, and it is important to avoid this side.
Choice B reason:
The radial vein on the left wrist is incorrect because it is not on the opposite side of the mastectomy and could increase the risk of lymphedema.
Choice C reason:
The basilic vein in the right antecubital fossa is the appropriate answer. When inserting an IV catheter for a client who has undergone a right mastectomy, it is generally advisable to avoid the arm on the same side as the mastectomy due to the risk of lymphedema and impaired lymphatic drainage. The basilic vein in the right antecubital fossa (the inner bend of the right elbow) would be a suitable choice in this case, as it is on the opposite side of the mastectomy.
Choice D reason:
The cephalic vein in the left distal forearm is on the same side as the mastectomy and should be avoided to reduce the risk of complications.

A. Place the client in a room with positive air flow: Placing the client in a room with positive air flow helps prevent the spread of infectious agents within the healthcare facility. This is particularly important for clients with airborne infections.

D. Provide a mask for the client when they are outside their room: Providing a mask for the client when they are outside their room helps prevent the spread of infectious agents to others if the client has a contagious respiratory infection.

E. Don a gown when entering the client's room: Wearing a gown upon entering the client's room helps protect the nurse from contact with the client's body fluids and reduces the risk of transmitting pathogens to other clients or healthcare workers.

B. Perform hand hygiene with at least 4 to 5 mL of hand sanitizer when leaving the client's room: Hand sanitizer is not a substitute for proper handwashing with soap and water. Hand sanitizer may be used in addition to handwashing, but it is not used with such a specific quantity.

C. When removing personal protective equipment, remove gloves first: When removing personal protective equipment, the correct sequence is to remove gloves, perform hand hygiene, and then remove other items such as gown, mask, and eyewear. This helps prevent contamination of the hands during the process.