A nurse in a family health clinic is collecting data as part of a routine physical examination of a client who is about to enter high school. The nurse observes an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. The nurse should expect the provider to document which of the following disorders?

Scoliosis

Ankylosis

Kyphosis

Lordosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Scoliosis: Scoliosis is characterized by an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, commonly detected during routine physical exams in school-aged children and adolescents. This is the correct diagnosis for the described symptom.

B. Ankylosis: Ankylosis refers to joint stiffness or immobility due to fusion of the bones, not a lateral curvature of the spine. It is typically associated with conditions like ankylosing spondylitis and does not describe a spinal curvature.

C. Kyphosis: Kyphosis involves an abnormal forward curvature of the spine, often resulting in a hunchback appearance. It is not the same as a lateral curvature and thus does not fit the description given.

D. Lordosis: Lordosis is characterized by an exaggerated inward curve of the lower spine, commonly referred to as swayback. It does not involve lateral curvature and therefore is not relevant to the described condition.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Obtain a throat culture. Throat cultures are contraindicated in suspected epiglottitis because the procedure can provoke airway obstruction and worsen the condition.

B. Visualize the epiglottis using a tongue depressor. Attempting to visualize the epiglottis can lead to sudden airway obstruction in children with epiglottitis. This is dangerous and should be avoided.

C. Initiate airborne precautions. Droplet precautions, not airborne, are necessary for epiglottitis because it is typically caused by bacteria that spread through respiratory droplets.

D. Prepare the child for a neck X-ray and possible tracheostomy. A neck X-ray can help diagnose epiglottitis by showing the characteristic "thumb sign." Immediate airway management, including preparation for a potential tracheostomy, is crucial due to the risk of sudden airway obstruction.

A. "Your newborn will receive the first DTaP vaccine during the initial well-baby visit." B. "Your newborn should receive an immunization for MMR at 6 months." C. "Your newborn is scheduled to have a hepatitis B vaccine prior to discharge." D. "Your newborn should receive the PCV vaccine two times prior to his first birthday."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "Your newborn will receive the first DTaP vaccine during the initial well-baby visit.": The first dose of DTaP is typically given at 2 months, not at the newborn stage.

B. "Your newborn should receive an immunization for MMR at 6 months.": The MMR vaccine is usually administered at 12-15 months, not at 6 months.

C. "Your newborn is scheduled to have a hepatitis B vaccine prior to discharge.": Hepatitis B vaccine is recommended to be given within 24 hours of birth as the first dose of a series.

D. "Your newborn should receive the PCV vaccine two times prior to his first birthday.": The pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) schedule starts at 2 months with multiple doses, but not specifically "two times" before the first birthday.

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A nurse in a family health clinic is collecting data as part of a routine physical examination of a client who is about to enter high school. The nurse observes an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. The nurse should expect the provider to document which of the following disorders?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is planning care for a child who has epiglottitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about immunizations with the parents of a newborn. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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