A nurse in a family health clinic is collecting data as part of a routine physical examination of a client who is about to enter high school. The nurse observes an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. The nurse should expect the provider to document which of the following disorders?

Scoliosis

Ankylosis

Kyphosis

Lordosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Scoliosis: Scoliosis is characterized by an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, commonly detected during routine physical exams in school-aged children and adolescents. This is the correct diagnosis for the described symptom.

B. Ankylosis: Ankylosis refers to joint stiffness or immobility due to fusion of the bones, not a lateral curvature of the spine. It is typically associated with conditions like ankylosing spondylitis and does not describe a spinal curvature.

C. Kyphosis: Kyphosis involves an abnormal forward curvature of the spine, often resulting in a hunchback appearance. It is not the same as a lateral curvature and thus does not fit the description given.

D. Lordosis: Lordosis is characterized by an exaggerated inward curve of the lower spine, commonly referred to as swayback. It does not involve lateral curvature and therefore is not relevant to the described condition.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Sodium 142 mEq/L: This is within the normal range for sodium (135-145 mEq/L) and does not indicate a problem that needs immediate attention.

B. Urine specific gravity 1.025: This value is on the higher end of the normal range for urine specific gravity (1.010-1.030) and indicates concentration of urine, which can occur in mild dehydration. It is not critical but indicates the need for monitoring.

C. Potassium 2.5 mEq/L: This is below the normal range for potassium (3.5-5.0 mEq/L) and indicates hypokalemia, which can cause serious cardiac issues and muscle weakness. It is a priority to correct this imbalance to prevent complications.

D. Blood glucose 110 mg/dL: This is within the normal range for blood glucose levels (70-110 mg/dL) for children and does not indicate an immediate concern related to dehydration.

A. Diarrhea B. Jaundice C. Swollen joints D. Abdominal mass

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Diarrhea: Not typically associated with Wilms' tumor, which affects the kidneys and presents primarily with abdominal symptoms.

B. Jaundice: Not a common symptom of Wilms' tumor, which involves the kidneys and usually does not affect liver function.

C. Swollen joints: This is more associated with conditions such as juvenile arthritis, not Wilms' tumor.

D. Abdominal mass: Wilms' tumor often presents as an asymptomatic abdominal mass that may be discovered during routine physical examination or parental bathing.

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A nurse in a family health clinic is collecting data as part of a routine physical examination of a client who is about to enter high school. The nurse observes an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. The nurse should expect the provider to document which of the following disorders?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child who has dehydration. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as the priority?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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