A nurse enters the hallway and discovers a visitor looking at a client’s medical information on a computer. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

Close the documentation program on the computer

Find out which staff member left the documentation program on the screen

Tell the charge nurse that the visitor viewed a client’s protected health information

Inform the visitor that client records are confidential

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Closing the documentation program on the computer is the most immediate action to prevent further unauthorized access to protected health information (PHI). It directly addresses the breach of confidentiality and limits potential damage.

B. While it is important to identify the staff member responsible for leaving the program open, this does not immediately address the current breach of confidentiality. This action would be a subsequent step after securing the PHI.

C. Notifying the charge nurse is an important step in the process of addressing the breach. However, it is not the first action to take as it does not prevent further exposure of the PHI.

D. Informing the visitor about the confidentiality of client records is necessary, but it is not the first action to take. The priority is to secure the PHI before addressing the visitor's behavior.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

- Rationale for A: Client confidentiality is a fundamental part of nursing ethics and legal practice. A nurse may disclose information to a family member only if the client has given permission, ensuring respect for the client's autonomy and privacy.
- Rationale for B: While it is true that nurses play a crucial role in patient education, the primary responsibility for informing clients about treatment options lies with the attending physician or healthcare provider.
- Rationale for C: The use of restraints is highly regulated in healthcare settings. Restraints can only be applied based on specific criteria and orders that are not on a PRN (as needed) basis, to protect the safety and rights of the client.
- Rationale for D: Administering medications without consent, even as part of a research study, is unethical and illegal unless specific and stringent consent procedures are followed, which include informed consent and approval by an institutional review board (IRB).

A. Mental health counselor B. Nutritional therapist C. Physical therapist D. Case manager E. Occupational therapist

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

a. Anorexia nervosa is a complex psychiatric disorder, and the client would benefit from the expertise of a mental health counselor to address underlying psychological issues.
b. Nutritional therapy is crucial in the treatment of anorexia nervosa to address malnutrition and establish healthy eating habits.
c. While physical therapy may be necessary in some cases, it is not typically the primary focus of care for clients with anorexia nervosa.
d. A case manager may assist with coordinating care, but they may not have the specialized knowledge required to address the specific needs of a client with anorexia nervosa.
e. An occupational therapist focuses on helping clients perform activities of daily living and may not be directly involved in the treatment of anorexia nervosa unless there are specific functional limitations that need addressing.

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A nurse enters the hallway and discovers a visitor looking at a client’s medical information on a computer. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

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